Jardins Lolianos

Jardins Lolianos
Jardins Lolianos
Informações gerais
Tipo	Jardim
Construção	Século I a.C.
Geografia
País	Itália
Cidade	Roma
Localização	V Região - Esquilino
Coordenadas	41° 54′ 02,5″ N, 12° 29′ 52,3″ L

Jardins Lolianos Jardins Lolianos

Jardins Lolianos (em latim: Horti Lolliani) eram antigos jardins de Roma localizados na encosta do Esquilino, na área hoje compreendida entre a moderna Via Principe Amedeo e o terreno mais tarde ocupado pelas Termas de Diocleciano.

Jardins da Roma Antiga

Em Roma, era costume chamar de horti (singular: hortus) as residências dotadas de um grande jardim (hortus significa "jardim") localizadas dentro da cidade, mas nos subúrbios. Os jardins eram lugares de lazer, onde era possível aproveitar o isolamento e a tranquilidade sem a necessidade de grandes viagens^[1].

A parte mais importante dos horti era, sem dúvida, a vegetação, geralmente composta por folhagens espessas podadas em formas geométricas ou animais segundo os ditames da ars topiaria. Entre a vegetação ficavam pavilhões, pórticos de passeio com proteção contra o sol, fontes, termas, pequenos templos e estátuas, geralmente cópias romanas de originais gregos. O primeiro jardim foi o suntuoso Jardim de Lúculo, no monte Píncio^[1], seguido logo depois pelo Jardim de Salústio.

História

Os jardins, cujos proprietários eram membros da rica e influente gente Lólia^[a], foram mencionados em dois marcos de fronteira (em latim: cippus)^[4] descobertos em 1993 perto do Palazzo Massimo alle Terme^[5].

Os marcos provam que, no reinado de Cláudio, os jardins já estavam, sem dúvida, sob domínio imperial, apesar de ser difícil reconstruir quando isto ocorreu: se depois do suicídio de Marco Lólio, o cônsul em 21 a.C., ocorrido em 2 a.C., ou depois do confisco dos bens e do banimento de Lolia Paulina em 49, neta de Lólio, na sequência de uma tentativa fracassada de casamento com imperador Cláudio^[6].

Notas

↑ Entre os principais estavam Marco Lólio, cônsul em 21 a.C.^[2], seu filho Marco Lólio^[3] e suas netas Lolia Saturnina e Lolia Paulina. Esta última foi, por um breve período, esposa de Calígula entre 38 e 39.

Referências

↑ ^a ^b «Vivere a Roma 2000 anni fa» (em italiano)
↑ PIR L 311
↑ PIR L 312
↑ CIL VI, 31284 e CIL VI, 31285
↑ Rodolfo Lanciani (1883). Supplementi al volume VI del CIL. Bullettino della Commissione archeologica comunale di Roma 11: p. 220 nn° 624-625^{[ligação inativa]}; Notizie degli Scavi di Antichità (1883): p. 339^{[ligação inativa]}.
↑ Tácito, Anais XII, 22.

Bibliografia

Rodolfo Lanciani, Forma Urbis Romae, Roma-Milano, 1892-1901, tav. 17.
Samuel Ball Platner; Thomas Ashby, s.v. Horti Lolliani in A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome (in inglese), London, Oxford University Press, 1929, p. 268
Pierre Grimal, Les jardin romains (in francese), Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1969, pp. 147 ss.
Ronald Syme, The Augustan Aristocracy (in inglese), Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1986, pp. 51, 176-177, 184-186 e 397.
Lawrence Richardson, Jr., s.v. Horti Epaphroditiani in A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome (in inglese), Baltimore, JHU Press, 1992, pp. 199–200. ISBN 0-8018-4300-6
Emanuele Papi, s.v. Horti Lolliani in Eva Margareta Steinby (a cura di), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae III, Roma, Quasar, 1996, p. 67. ISBN 88-7097-049-3

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