Ilha de França

Île-de-France
Ilha de França
Bandeira
Brasão
Informações
Capital Paris
Arrondissements 25
Cantões 317
Comunas 1 281
ISO 3166-2 FR-J
Sítio oficial http://www.iledefrance.fr/
Dados Estatísticos
Área 12 011 km²
População 12 140 526 hab. (2018)
Densidade populacional 1 010,8 hab./km²
Dados políticos
Presidente do conselho regional Valérie Pécresse (SL)
Departamentos
Altos do Sena (92)
Essonne (91)
Paris (75)
Seine-Saint-Denis (93)
Sena e Marne (77)
Vale do Marne (94)
Val-d'Oise (95)
Yvelines (78)
Localização da Região de Ilha de França na França

Ilha de França (em francês: Île-de-France) é uma das 18 regiões administrativas da França. Sob o Antigo Regime, era uma província francesa.[1] Após a Revolução passou a chamar-se Região Parisiense, até 1975, quando recebeu o atual nome.

Geografia

A Região da Ilha de França é composta por oito departamentos: Sena e Marne, Yvelines, Essonne, Val-d'Oise, Vale do Marne, Altos do Sena, Seine-Saint-Denis e Paris.

Suas principais cidades são: Paris, Versalhes, Évry, Pontoise, Melun, Nanterre, Bobigny, Créteil, Montmorency, Mantes-la-Jolie, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Rambouillet, Palaiseau, Étampes, Meaux e Argenteuil.

Muitas vezes a região é confundida com a Aglomeração Parisiense - que abrange apenas os departamentos de Seine-et-Marne, Yvelines, Essonne e Val-d'Oise, e cuja área corresponde a 20% da Região de Île-de-France, embora concentre 90% da sua população.

História

A região foi habitada depois da pré-história, tendo sido encontrados traços de monumentos megalíticos, que acabaram destruídos pela urbanização. Na época gaulesa, o território atual da Ilha de França era ocupado por quatro tribos gaulesas: no centro estavam os Parísios, cuja capital Lutécia transformar-se-ia em Paris; no norte, os veliocasses, a oeste os carnutes, e no sudoeste estavam os Sênones, que estabeleceram a sua capital em Sens. O nome Île-de-France surgiu muito mais tarde, depois do estabelecimento dos francos, e correspondia à planície situada ao norte do rio Sena, que eles chamavam de País da França.

A região da Île-de-France nasceu do domínio real constituído depois do século X, pelos reis da dinastia capetiana. Seus limites variaram muito até o fim do regime vigente à época. A província alargou-se na direção oeste e sul, e sobretudo sobre a norte, e era mais vasta do que a atual, considerando-se a direção leste. Formava uma zona de interesse econômico para as corporações mercantis de Paris, o que então contribuía para a fixação dos seus contornos.

Depois da Revolução Francesa, a região foi decomposta em três departamentos - Sena, Sena e Marne.

Em 1955, os departamentos passaram de três para oito, além de incluir Paris. Como resultado do desmembramento dos antigos Departamentos de Sena e Sena e Oise, foram criados os departamentos de Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Val-de-Marne (limítrofes de Paris, que constituem a chamada pequena coroa); Val-d'Oise, Yvelines e Essonne (não limítrofes de Paris, que formam a grande coroa).

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Ile-de-France - Atout-France

Ligações externas

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