Classificação dos povos indígenas da América

Os etnólogos geralmente reconhecem os nativos americanos divididos em diversas regiões geográficas e com traços culturais comuns:

Estados Unidos e Canadá

Grupo Árctico

Grupo Subárctico

Califórnia

Florestas Orientais

Grande Bacia

Planalto

Costa Noroeste

Planícies

Sudeste

Sudoeste

América Central e América do Sul

Os índios da América Central e da América do Sul geralmente são classificados por sua língua, região e semelhanças culturais.

Caribe

Mesoamérica

Andes

Região Sub-Andina

Amazonas Ocidental

Amazonas Central

Amazonas Oriental e Sul

Cone Sul

Áreas culturais indígenas no Brasil

As áreas culturais indígenas do Brasil conforme Galvão (1979: 206, 208):[1]

  • I - Norte-Amazônica
    • Núcleo A
      • Parukoto-Xaruma, Warikyana, Pianokoto-Tiriyó, Urukuyana, Aparai (karib)
      • Oeste - Makuxi, Taulipang (karib)
      • Leste - Oiampi, Emerilon (tupi); Palikur (aruak); Galibi (karib)
      • Norte - Kalina; Waiwai (karib)
    • Núcleo B: Xirianá, Waiká, Waharibo, Pakidai (Xirianá)
    • Núcleo C: Baniwa (aruak), Tariana (aruak), Tukano, Desana, Kobewa, Piratapuio (tukano-betoya); Maku; Tukuna
  • II - Juruá-Purus: Ipurinã, Paumari, Iamamadi (aruak), Marinawa, Kaxinawa, Iaminawa, Katukina (Pano); Katukina
  • III - Guaporé
    • Núcleo A: Grupes Txapakura
    • Núcleo B: Tupari (tupi)
    • Núcleo C: Nambikwara (Nambikwarà)
  • IV - Tapajós-Madeira
    • Núcleo A: Munduruku, Maué (tupi)
    • Núcleo B: Grupos Kawahyb (tupi)
  • V - Alto Xingu
    • Kamaiurá, Aueti (tupi)
    • Waurá, Mehinaku, Iawalapiti (aruak)
    • Kalapalo, Bakairi, Kuikuro (karib)
    • Suiá (jê) [intrusivo antigo]
    • Juruna (tupi) [intrusivo recente]
  • VI - Tocantins-Xingu
    • Núcleo A: Timbira, Canela, Apinayé, Kraho (jê)
    • Núcleo B: Xerente, Akwê-Xavante (jê)
    • Núcleo C
      • Grupos Kayapó, Gavião (jê)
      • Parakanã, Asurini (tupi)
      • Tapirapé (tupi)
      • Karajá (macro-jê)
      • Bororo (otuke)
  • VII - Pindaré-Gurupi:
    • Tenetehara: Tembé e Guajajara (tupi)
    • Urubu-Kaapor (tupi)
    • Guajá (tupi)
  • VIII - Paraguai: Kadiweu (mbaya); Terena (aruak)
  • IX - Paraná: Nandeva, Kaiwá, Mbyá (Guarani)
  • X - Tietê-Uruguai: Grupos Kaingang (jê)
  • XI - Nordeste
    • Fulniô (carnijó)
    • Potiguara (tupi)
    • Pankararu (pankararu)
    • Atikum (não classificado)
    • Xokó (não classificado)
    • Pataxo (pataxo)
    • Tuxá (não classificado)
    • Kariri (kariri)
    • Xukuru (não classificado)
    • Maxakali (maxakali)

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Galvão, Eduardo. 1979. Áreas culturais indígenas do Brasil: 1900/1959. In: Encontro de sociedades: índios e brancos no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra.

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