Classe Colossus (porta-aviões)

O HMAS Vengeance em 1953.

A Classe Colossus de porta-aviões identifica um grupo de navios da Marinha Real Britânica (Royal Navy).

Planejamento

Foi prevista a construção de um total de dezesseis navios.

Dois dos navios da classe Colossus (HMS Perseus e HMS Pioneer) foram adaptadas para manutenção aeronáutica e a construção de outros cinco navios, foi suspensa, e completadas posteriormente como barcos da Classe Majestic. O HMS Leviathan um sexto navio a ser convertido teve a sua construção não concluída .

Os cinco Majestics foram vendidas para as Marinhas do Commonwealth.

Estratégia

O naufrágio, em dezembro de 1941, do HMS Prince of Wales e do HMS Repulse por aviões baseados em terra, deixou claro a vulnerabilidade dos navios aos ataques aéreos, e demonstrou a necessidade urgente de um maior poderio aero-naval.

A conversão de navios mercantes para esta finalidade foi considerada por algum tempo, mas foi rejeitada devido à grande necessidade de navios para transporte de cargas.

A classe Colossus surgiu como uma solução para sanar a escassez crítica de aviões de combate embarcados. Estes navios tiveram o seu desenho baseado na Classe Illustrious, mas em tamanho reduzido, e com tempo de construção de dois anos.

Os quatro primeiros navios tipo Colossus foram concluídas em dezembro de 1944, e imediatamente enviadas para o Extremo Oriente. Nenhum dos navios entrou em ação.

Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, os navios da classe foram utilizados como uma forma econômica para marcar a presença militar da Marinha Real Britânica.

Alguns dos navios estiveram presentes na Guerra da Coreia.

Muitos dos navios foram vendidos para Marinhas estrangeiras e continuaram em operação até a década de 1990.

Nome Construtor Batimento de quilha Lançado Fatalidade
HMS Colossus (R15) Vickers-Armstrong 1 de junho de 1942 30 de setembro de 1943 Primeiro emprestado e em seguida vendido para a França. Renomeado Arromanches (R 95). Desmontado em 1978.
HMS Glory (R62) Harland & Wolff 27 de agosto de 1942 27 de novembro de 1943 Desmontado em 1961.
HMS Ocean (R68) Stephen & Sons 8 de novembro de 1942 8 de julho de 1943 Desmontado em 1962.
HMS Venerable (R63) Cammell-Laird 3 de dezembro de 1942 30 de dezembro de 1943 Transferido para a Marinha Real Neerlandesa em 1948 e servindo com o nome de HNLMS Karel Doorman (R81), servindo até 1968 quando foi transferido para a Armada Argentina e servindo com o nome de ARA Veinticinco de Mayo (V-2), ficou em serviço até 1999 quando foi vendido para desmanche.
HMS Vengeance (R71) Swan Hunter 16 de novembro de 1942 23 de fevereiro de 1944 Atuou na Marinha Real Australiana (Royal Australian Navy) como HMAS Vengeance (R71) de 1953-1955. Vendido ao Brasil em 1956 e renomeado NAeL Minas Gerais (A-11). Desmontado em em 2004.
HMS Pioneer (R76) Vickers-Armstrong 2 de dezembro de 1942 20 de maio de 1944 Inicialmente nomeado como HMS Ethalion; depois HMS Marte e finalmente renomeado HMS Pioneer. Desmontado em 1954.
HMS Warrior (R31) Harland & Wolff Ltd. 12 de dezembro de 1942 20 de maio de 1944 Emprestada a Marinha do Canadá (Maritime Command), retornou para o Reino Unido em 1956 e foi vendido para a Armada Argentina para ser renomeado ARA Independencia (V-1), em 1958. Desmontado na década de 1970.
HMS Theseus (R64) Fairfield Shipbuilding & Engineering Company 6 de janeiro de 1943 6 de julho de 1944 Desmontado em 1962.
HMS Triumph (R61) R. & W. Hawthorn Leslie & Company Ltd. 27 de janeiro de 1943 2 de outubro de 1944 Desmontado em 1981.
HMS Perseus (R51) Vickers-Armstrong 1 de junho de 1943 26 de março de 1944 Originalmente designado como HMS Edgar, mas comissionado como HMS Perseus em 1945. Desmontado em em 1958.

Ligações externas

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