Cassitérides

Mapa da Europa, de acordo com a cosmografia de Estrabão, mostrando as ilhas Cassitérides na parte esquerda, a noroeste da Ibéria

Cassitérides (do grego: Κασσίτερος, Kassiteros; latim: Cassiterides insulae), ou ilhas do Estanho, era um legendário arquipélago na Antiguidade Clássica e na Alta Idade Média que supostamente existiria a oeste das actuais ilhas Britânicas,[1] confundindo-se por vezes com elas,[carece de fontes?] ou a noroeste da Península Ibérica.[2] Dada a imprecisão da referência, as ilhas Cassitérides aparecem nos portulanos por vezes colocadas nos Açores ou, alternativamente, entre as ilhas míticas que até finais do século XV os cartógrafos europeus acreditavam existirem no Atlântico a oeste ou noroeste daquele arquipélago.

O nome alternativo de ilhas do Estanho resulta da notícia de que as ilhas seriam ricas em minas de estanho, das quais proviria aquele metal introduzido nas cidades do Mediterrâneo por mercadores fenícios e cartagineses. Na realidade a origem do estanho seria a Grã-Bretanha, daí a confusão com aquelas ilhas, sendo possível que o porto da ilha de Iktis, o principal centro do comércio do estanho no tempo dos fenícios, fosse na actual ilha de Wight ou nas ilhas Scilly.[3][4]

Com base nas descrições remanescentes da época fenícia, o antigo geógrafo grego Estrabão (c. 63 a.C. a c. 24 d.C), na sua obra Geographica, descreve as ilhas da seguinte forma:

As Cassitérides são dez em número e situam-se próximas umas das outras, distantes para norte no Oceano ao largo do porto do Ártabro (em latim: Portus Magnus Artabrorum).[5] Uma das ilhas é desabitada, sendo as restantes povoadas por gente que veste mantos negros sobre túnicas cintadas, que se alongam até aos seus pés, e caminha apoiada em longos cajados, de forma que parecem personificações das Erínias das tragédias representadas nos nossos teatros. A maioria vive como pastores, cuidando dos seus rebanhos. Mas também exploram minas, das quais extraem estanho e chumbo, que os mercadores adquirem em troca de couros, cerâmicas, sal e vasos de cobre. Muito antes da nossa época, os fenícios eram os únicos que negociavam com eles, mantendo secretas as rotas que conduzem àquelas ilhas.[6]

Entre os autores da Antiguidade Clássica, as Cassitérides são mencionadas por:

Aquando da colonização dos Açores correu na Flandres a notícia de que as ilhas açorianas eram ricas em metais, certamente por confusão com as Cassitérides, levando a que alguns dos povoadores fossem atraídos pela possibilidade de mineração. Foi o caso de Willem van der Hagen, que viveu durante alguns anos na ilha das Flores procurando infrutiferamente estanho e outros metais que se dizia existirem ali.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Estrabão, Geografia, Livro II, Capítulo 5, 15 [fr] [en] [en]
  2. ↑ a b Diodoro Sículo, Biblioteca Histórica, Livro V, 38.4 [ael/fr][en][en]
  3. ↑ William Camden, Britannia [1].
  4. ↑ Thomas Rice Edward Holmes, Ancient Britain, Oxford, 1907, Clarendon Press, pp. 483-498. [2].
  5. ↑ Brigantium, no noroeste galego, hoje A Coruña.
  6. ↑ a b Estrabão, Geografia, Livro III, Capítulo 5, 11 [fr] [en] [en]
  7. ↑ Heródoto, Histórias, Livro III, Tália, 115 [pt] [el] [el/en] [ael/fr] [en] [en] [en] [es]
  8. ↑ Posidônio, citado em Estrabão, Geografia, Livro III, Capítulo 2, 9 [fr] [en] [en]
  9. ↑ Plínio, o Velho, História Natural 4.119 [em linha], 7.197 [em linha], 34.156-158 [em linha].

Bibliografia

  • George Smith, The Cassiterides: An Inquiry Into the Commercial Operations of the Phoenicians in Western Europe. 1860

Ligações externas

Read other articles:

The Shepherd (film)

2023 film by Iain Softley Not to be confused with Shepherd (film). The ShepherdRelease posterDirected byIain SoftleyWritten byIain SoftleyBased onThe Shepherdby Frederick ForsythProduced by Alfonso Cuarón Richard Johns Bill Kenwright Gabriela Rodríguez Starring Ben Radcliffe Steven Mackintosh John Travolta CinematographyJohn MathiesonEdited byGareth C. ScalesMusic byAnne ChmelewskyProductioncompanies Esperanto Filmoj BKStudios Argo Films Distributed byDisney+Release dates August 10,...

 

Grand Prix Australia

Grand Prix AustraliaSirkuit Grand Prix MelbourneInformasi lombaJumlah gelaran85Pertama digelar1928Terbanyak menang (pembalap) Lex Davison (4) Michael Schumacher (4)Terbanyak menang (konstruktor) Ferrari (13)Panjang sirkuit5.303 km (3.295 mi)Jarak tempuh307.574 km (191.071 mi)Lap58Balapan terakhir (2023)Pole position Max VerstappenRed Bull Racing-Honda RBPT1:16.732Podium 1. M. VerstappenRed Bull Racing-Honda RBPT2:32:38.371 2. L. HamiltonMercedes+0.179 3. F. AlonsoAston Ma...

 

Akhwibong

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Februari 2023. AkwibongTitik tertinggiKetinggian940 m (3.080 ft)GeografiLetakKorea Selatan Nama KoreaHangul악휘봉 Hanja樂輝峰 Alih AksaraAkwibongMcCune–ReischauerAkhwipong Akwibong adalah sebuah gunung di County Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do, di Korea ...

صلاة الغروب

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (أكتوبر 2017) صلاة الغروبمعلومات عامةصنف فرعي من devotions (en) جزء من صلوات الساعات الاسم الأصل Ve...

 

Высокий Атлас

Высокий Атлас гора Тубкаль в национальном парке ТубкальХарактеристики Длина700 км Высшая точка Высочайшая вершинаТубкаль  Абсолютная высота4165 мРасположение 31°26′ с. ш. 6°56′ з. д.HGЯO Страна Марокко Горная системаАтлас  Высокий Атлас  Медиафайлы ...

 

Coupe de Belgique

Disambiguazione – Coppa del Belgio rimanda qui. Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Coppa del Belgio (disambigua). Coppa del BelgioAltri nomiCrocky Cup Sport Calcio TipoClub FederazioneURBSFA Paese Belgio OrganizzatorePro League Cadenzaannuale Aperturaagosto Chiusuramaggio Partecipanti234 Formulaeliminazione diretta Sito InternetSito ufficiale StoriaFondazione1911 Numero edizioni69 Detentore Anversa (4) Record vittorie Club Bruges (11) Edizione in corsoCoppa del...

Pedder Street

Street in Hong Kong This article is about a street in Hong Kong. For a similarly named road in Mumbai, India, see Pedder Road. Pedder StreetPedder Street in 2015Pedder Street in the 1870sTraditional Chinese畢打街Simplified Chinese毕打街TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinBìdá JiēYue: CantoneseJyutpingBat1 daa1 gaai1 Pedder Street is a major thoroughfare in the core of Hong Kong's Central District. It runs south–north from Queen's Road Central, continues through Des Voeu...

 

Club Deportivo Mirandés 2019-2020

Voce principale: Club Deportivo Mirandés. Club Deportivo MirandésStagione 2019-2020Sport calcio Squadra Mirandés Allenatore Andoni Iraola All. in seconda Unai Mendia Presidente Ramiro Revuelta Segunda División11° Coppa del ReSemifinale Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Merquelanz (14) StadioEstadio Municipal de Anduva 2018-2019 2020-2021 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti il Mirandés nelle competizioni ufficiali della stagione 2019-...

 

Arthur E. Goldman

Arthur E. GoldmanOfficial NASA portrait of Arthur E. GoldmanBorn (1953-11-10) November 10, 1953 (age 70)NationalityAmericanEducationMississippi State University, B.S. 1977OccupationAerojet executiveTitleExecutive Director, Southeast Space Operations divisionSpouseNancy Lovell GoldmanChildrenJenniferWebsiteMarshall Leadership Arthur Eugene Gene Goldman (born November 10, 1953) is the executive director for Aerojet's Southeast Space Operations division. Before retiring from NASA in August ...

Taipei Botanical Garden metro station

Wanda-Zhonghe-Shulin Line's under-construction MRT Station Taipei Botanical Garden植物園Chinese nameTraditional Chinese植物園Simplified Chinese植物园TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhíwùyuánBopomofoㄓˊㄨˋㄩㄢˊ General informationLocationNo. 53 Nanhai Rd.Zhongzheng, TaipeiTaiwanOperated by Taipei Rapid Transit System Line(s) Wanda–Zhonghe–Shulin Line (LG02) ConstructionStructure typeUndergroundOther informationStation codeLG02HistoryOpeningDecember 2025 (...

 

Myanmar Army

Burmese Army redirects here. For other uses, see Burma Army (disambiguation). Myanmar Armyတပ်မတော် (ကြည်း) (Burmese)lit. 'Armed Forces (Army)'Emblem of the Myanmar Army[a][1]Founded1945; 79 years ago (1945)Country Myanmar (formerly Burma)TypeGround armySizeVolunteers: estimates vary, from less than 100,000[2] to 356,000[3]Draftees: ~5,000 (estimates of the first batch of the service)[4][5&#...

 

Muslim Girls Training

Training program Part of a series on theNation of Islam Influencers Satokata Takahashi Noble Drew Ali Leaders Wallace Fard Muhammad Elijah Muhammad Malcolm X Warith Deen Mohammed Louis Farrakhan Tynnetta Muhammad Ishmael Muhammad Ava Muhammad David Muhammad James 3X Khalid Muhammad Beliefs and theology Saviours' Day Nation of Islam and antisemitism Tribe of Shabazz Yakub History Million Man March Millions More Movement Justice or Else Publications A Torchlight for America The Final Call Muham...

Dezful

City in Khuzestan province, Iran For the administrative division of Khuzestan province, see Dezful County. City in Khuzestan, IranDezful Persian: دزفولCityNicknames: دسفیل ,دژپل, desfeal, dezhpollDezfulCoordinates: 32°22′43″N 48°24′52″E / 32.37861°N 48.41444°E / 32.37861; 48.41444[1]CountryIranProvinceKhuzestanCountyDezfulDistrictCentralElevation150 m (490 ft)Population (2016)[2] • Urban264,709&#...

 

Carnifex (band)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Carnifex band – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) American deathcore band CarnifexCarnifex performing at With Full Force 2014Background informationOriginSan Diego County, California, U.S....

 

Keuskupan Dromore

Keuskupan DromoreDioecesis DromorensisDeoise an Droma MhóirKatolik Katedral St. Patrick dan St. Colman, NewryLokasiNegara Irlandia UtaraProvinsi gerejawiProvinsi ArmaghStatistikLuas386 sq mi (1.000 km2)Populasi- Total- Katolik(per 2013)19400088,000 (45.4%)InformasiDenominasiKatolik RomaRitusRitus LatinPendirianKeuskupan pada sekitar tahun 1192[1]KatedralKatedral St. Patrick dan St. Colman, NewryPelindungSt Patrick dan St ColmanKepemimpinan kini...

Angala Paramesvari

Angala Paramesvari AmmanNama lainPoovadaikariAngala DeviAngala ParamesvariAngala IshvariThandeshwariPoongavanathuammanPeriyayiPeriyandichiPechiyayiDipuja oleh umatDiaspora Tamil di Tamil Nadu, Fiji, Komuniti Tamil Caribbean, Afrika Selatan, Mauritius, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapura, Vietnam, dan Trinidad & Tobago.AfiliasiSakta, ParvatiKediamanMel MalayanoorSenjatatrisulaPedangWahanaSingaKuilMel Malayanoor AngalammanPutlur Poongavanathu ammanChithalur AngalammanShiva[1] Angala Param...

 

List of tidal power stations

The Rance Tidal Power Station. This article lists most power stations that run on tidal power; both tidal range (impoundment via a barrage) and tidal stream (harnessing currents). Since tidal stream generators are an immature technology, no technology has yet emerged as the clear standard. A large variety of designs are being experimented with, with some very close to large scale deployment. Hence, the following page lists stations of different technologies. While only a few schemes are oper...

 

Mahlon Dickerson

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Dickerson. Cet article est une ébauche concernant une personnalité américaine et l’US Navy. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Mahlon Dickerson Portrait de Mahlon Dickerson Fonctions 7e Gouverneur du New Jersey 26 octobre 1815 – 1er février 1817(1 an, 3 mois et 6 jours) Prédécesseur William Kennedy (en) Successeur Isaac Halstead William...

Usine du Gol

Ne doit pas être confondu avec Usine de Gol-les-Hauts. Pour un article plus général, voir Habitation du Gol. Cet article est une ébauche concernant La Réunion, l’industrie et l’agriculture. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Usine du GolUne vue de l'usine du Gol.InstallationsType d'usine Usine sucrièreCentrale thermiqueFonctionnementDate d'ouverture 1817ProductionProduits SucreBagasseÉner...

 

Perseverance of the saints

Calvinist doctrine Part of a series onReformed ChristianityReformation Wall in Geneva, featuring prominent Reformed theologians William Farel, John Calvin, Theodore Beza, and John Knox Background Christianity Reformation Protestantism Theology Theology of John Calvin Covenant theology Republication of the Covenant of Works Baptist Covenant Theology Logical order of God's decrees Baptism Lord's Supper Regulative principle Predestination Scholasticism TextsList of texts Geneva Bible Confessions...