Brunsvique

Brunsvique

Vista da cidade
Brasão Mapa
Brasão de Brunsvique
Brunsvique está localizado em: Alemanha
Brunsvique
Mapa da Alemanha, posição de Brunsvique acentuada
Administração
País  Alemanha
Estado Baixa Saxônia
Distrito cidade independente
Prefeito Gert Hoffmann
Partido no poder CDU
Estatística
Coordenadas geográficas 52° 16' 9" N 10° 16' 16" E
Área 192,13 km²
Altitude 75 m
População 251 364 (2015)
Densidade populacional 1280 hab./km²
Outras Informações
Placa de veículo BS
Código postal 38100–38126
Código telefônico 0531, 05300, 05303,
05307, 05309, 05341
Website sítio oficial
NUTS DE911
Localização de Brunsvique
no distrito de cidade independente

Brunsvique[1][2] (em alemão: Braunschweig; em baixo saxão: Brunswiek), é uma cidade do centro-norte da Alemanha localizada no estado da Baixa Saxônia, às margens do rio Oker.[3][4]

Brunsvique é uma cidade independente (kreisfreie Stadt, ou distrito urbano: Stadtkreis), possuindo estatuto de distrito (Kreis).

História

A primeira menção escrita do nome ("Brunesguik") aparece no ano 1031. Mas, durante escavações arqueológicas realizadas em 1972, foram encontrados restos de igrejas, as quais, estima-se, foram construídas entre os anos 850 e 900.

A história de Braunschweig está intimamente ligada à dinastia dos Guelfos (Welfen): no século XII, o duque Henrique, o Leão, declarou que Braunschweig seria sua residência oficial,[5] transformando o local em cidade hanseática e poderoso centro comercial. O castelo de Dankwarderode, a catedral de St. BlasIi e a estátua do leão na praça do castelo (Burgplatz) lembram essa grande figura da história da cidade. Durante a regência de Otto IV, também da linhagem dos Guelfos, Braunschweig tornou-se cidade imperial e, portanto, um dos mais importantes centros da Europa. Até o século XX, a dinastia dos Guelfos continuou a marcar o desenvolvimento da cidade, promovendo construções e também a ciência e a arte.[6]

Durante o século XVII até meados do século XIX, foi capital do Ducado de Brunsvique-Luneburgo,Brunswick é também a terra natal do notório matemático Carl Friedrich Gauss.

Centro comercial e industrial, possui estabelecimentos dedicados aos ramos de alimentos, estamparia, máquinas, metalurgia e automóveis.

A Catedral de São Brás, concluída em 1194, é um destacado exemplo do estilo românico.

Referências

  1. ↑ Gonçalves, Rebelo (1947). Tratado de Ortografia da Língua Portuguesa. Coimbra: Atlântida - Livraria Editora. p. 351 
  2. ↑ Fernandes, Ivo Xavier (1941). Topónimos e Gentílicos. I. Porto: Editora Educação Nacional, Lda. 
  3. ↑ «Bevölkerung der Gemeinden am 31. Dezember 2010» (em alemão). Landesbetrieb für Statistik und Kommunikationstechnologie Niedersachsen (LSKN) 
  4. ↑ «Statistisches Bundesamt – Gemeinden in Deutschland nach Bevölkerung am 31.12.2011 auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011 und früherer Zählungen» (em alemão). Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011 
  5. ↑ «The Lion City of Brunswick (Braunschweig)». web.archive.org. 24 de setembro de 2015. Consultado em 13 de novembro de 2020 
  6. ↑ e.V., Deutsche Zentrale für Tourismus. «Braunschweig: a cidade dos leões e dos cientistas. | Turismo na Alemanha - viagens, férias». www.germany.travel. Consultado em 26 de fevereiro de 2017 


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