Aspirador

O aspirador revolucionou a limpeza de ambientes

O aspirador é um equipamento pneumático destinado a captura de partículas sólidas, normalmente servindo para absorver nas casas.[1]

Nos finais do século XIX e princípios do século XX, começaram a surgir os primeiros aspiradores, precursores dos modernos aparelhos.

Em 1869, surge o primeiro aspirador, inventado por Ives McGaffey, accionado por uma manivela.[2] Outros eram providos de um tubo terminado por um bucal (com um formato idêntico ao dos dias de hoje) e o pó era bombeado manualmente para dentro de um pequeno contentor.

Em 1907 apareceu o primeiro aspirador eléctrico, inventado pelo americano Murray Spangler, empregado da empresa Hoover, a qual adquiriu os direitos de fabricação daquele invento em 1908. Tornaram-se um sucesso internacionalmente. Em 1926 a Hoover lançou um dos seus mais famosos aspiradores, o Hoover 700, conhecido por beats-as-it-sweeps-as-it-cleans (bate-enquanto-varre-enquanto-limpa), um aparelho mais eficaz na remoção do pó das alcatifas: bate o , varre e aspira-o. A partir daí foram lançados vários modelos mas sem grandes alterações nas características gerais do produto. Só a partir dos anos 80 é que se puderam ver algumas alterações mais concretas proporcionadas pelas novas tecnologias.

Entretanto, de meados dos anos 60 a meados dos anos 70, surgiu no mercado o aspirador de mão, concebido para ser prático e fácil de transportar para qualquer lado.

No século XXI apareceram os aspiradores robóticos para o grande consumo, sendo a marca Roomba líder desse mercado.

Legislação na União Europeia

Em setembro de 2017, os aspiradores que consumam mais de 900 watts e passem os 80 decibéis deixam de ser vendidos no mercado. Esta medida vai possibilitar que os efeitos nocivos para a saúde, como a poluição sonora e a reemissão de poeira, sejam evitados.

Esta regra juntamente com as já estabelecidas em 2013 e 2014 onde proibiram aspiradores com potência acima dos 1600 watts, vão permitir economizar cerca de 20 terawatt-hora por ano até 2020.[3]

Aspirador robô

Aspiradores de pó robóticos, sob o comando do usuário ou em um cronograma, movem-se independentemente, contornando obstáculos, em uma determinada superfície, removem poeira e sujeira.[4]

Ver também

Referências

  1. Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa. «Definição de "Aspirador de pó" no dicionário». Consultado em 21 de maio de 2009 
  2. Sapo.pt. «Quem inventou o aspirador de pó?». Consultado em 21 de maio de 2009 
  3. «União Europeia deixa de vender aspiradores ruidosos» 
  4. Variedades de aspiradores

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