Aleixo Eslavo

Aleixo Eslavo (em búlgaro: Алексий Слав; em grego: ) foi um boiardo búlgaro dos séculos XII e XIII e um descendente dos Asen, sobrinho dos três irmãos imperadores (Pedro IV, João Asen I e Joanitzes). Ele provavelmente foi o primeiro governador do domínio medieval na região dos Ródopes no Segundo Império Búlgaro e, depois, um autocrata nesta mesma região.

História

Aleixo foi mencionado pela primeira vez como um dos nobres que disputaram o trono búlgaro com Boril depois da morte de Joanitzes. Ele se casou com a filha do imperador latino Henrique de Flandres em novembro de 1208 e, encorajado, deixou a corte em Tarnovo e estabeleceu-se como um monarca independente sobre a maior parte da região dos Ródopes. Aleixo se tornou um vassalo do sogro depois da derrota búlgara em Filipópolis (moderna Plovdiv), que prometeu apoiar suas aspirações ao trono búlgaro e concedeu-lhe o título de déspota.

Em 1211, ele lutou contra Boril ao lado do Despotado do Epiro, estendendo seu território e capturando a fortaleza de Melnik, para onde mudou sua capital, antes em Tsepina, em 1215 e se fez autocrata. Ali, Aleixo tinha a sua corte real, que consistia não apenas de búlgaros, mas também de "francos" (como eram conhecidos os cruzados na região) - um sebasto dos francos foi mencionado num epigrama da época. O déspota Aleixo é conhecido também por ter publicado um decreto doando um feudo para o vizinho Mosteiro da Teótoco Espileotissa em 1220. Neste documento, Aleixo afirmou que o mosteiro era "do déspota e do tsar", uma prova da confiança que tinha em seu próprio poder.

Seu estado foi reanexado ao Império Búlgaro depois da Batalha de Klokotnitsa em 9 de março de 1230, apesar de seu nome já ter desaparecido das fontes depois de 1228. Alguns acadêmicos identificam este Aleixo com o stolnik Eslavo mencionado numa inscrição posterior num anel escavado em Tarnovo, mas esta tese, segundo o historiador Ivan Bozhilov, não tem bases sólidas.

Família

Aleixo Eslavo se casou duas vezes: a primeira com uma filha ilegítima de Henrique de Flandres de nome desconhecido e, depois da morte dela, a filha de um Petralifa que era cunhado de Teodoro Comneno Ducas, o déspota do Epiro (talvez o sebastocrator João Petralifa).

Bibliografia

  • Бакалов, Георги; Милен Куманов (2003). «АЛЕКСИЙ СЛАВ (деспот Слав) (II половина на XII в.-след 1230)». Електронно издание "История на България" (em búlgaro). София: Труд, Сирма. ISBN 954528613X 
  • Божилов, Иван (1994). Фамилията на Асеневци (1186–1460). Генеалогия и просопография (em búlgaro). София: Academia Búlgara de Ciências. ISBN 954-430-264-6. OCLC 38087158 

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