Acetilcoenzima A

Acetilcoenzima A
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Identificadores
Número CAS 72-89-9
PubChem 444493
ChemSpider 392413
MeSH Acetyl+Coenzyme+A
SMILES
Propriedades
Fórmula molecular C23H38N7O17P3S
Massa molar 809.57 g/mol
Página de dados suplementares
Estrutura e propriedades n, εr, etc.
Dados termodinâmicos Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Dados espectrais UV, IV, RMN, EM
Exceto onde denotado, os dados referem-se a
materiais sob condições normais de temperatura e pressão
Referências e avisos gerais sobre esta caixa.
Alerta sobre risco à saúde.
Representação da molécula de acetil-CoA.

A acetilcoenzima A (Acetil-CoA) é um composto intermediário chave no metabolismo celular, constituído de um grupo acetilo, de dois carbonos, unidos de maneira covalente a coenzima A. A Acetil-CoA é resultado da oxidação total de moléculas orgânicas como o piruvato, ácidos graxos e aminoácidos.[1]

A transformação de piruvato, que se encontra no citosol, em Acetil-CoA se dá na mitocôndria. O processo que transforma o piruvato em Acetil-CoA se chama Descarboxilação oxidativa, em que um grupo carboxila é retirado e liberado como CO2.

A formação do Acetil-CoA é catalisado por um complexo enzimático chamado de complexo piruvato desidrogenase, que é formado por 5 coenzimas - tiamina pirofosfato (TPP), coenzima A (CoA), Dinucleotídeo de Nicotinamida Adenina (NAD+), flavina adenina dinucleotídio (FAD) e ácido lipóico) e 3 enzimas: piruvato desidrogenase, diidrolipoil transacetilase e diidrolipoil desidrogenase[1]

A acetilcoenzima A provém do metabolismo dos carboidratos e dos lipídios, e, em menor proporção, do metabolismo das proteínas, as quais, assim como os aminoácidos, podem alimentar o ciclo em outros locais diferentes que os do acetil.

A Acetil-CoA participa como intermediário do ciclo de Krebs, pois ao condensar-se ao oxaloacetato, forma o citrato. É neste ciclo que o acetil-CoA será totalmente oxidado a CO2, paralelo a produção de coenzimas reduzidas.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b PubChem. «Acetyl coenzyme A». pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (em inglês). Consultado em 2 de maio de 2022 
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