Abedalá ibne Abedal Maleque

Abedalá ibne Abedal Maleque
Nascimento 677
Damasco
Morte 749/750
Nacionalidade Califado Omíada
Etnia Árabe
Progenitores Pai: Abedal Maleque ibne Maruane
Filho(a)(s) Maruane II
Ocupação General e governador
Religião Islamismo
Dinar de ouro com efígie do califa Abedal Maleque ibne Maruane (r. 685–705)

Abedalá ibne Abedal Maleque (em árabe: عبد الله بن عبد الملك; romaniz.: ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿAbd al-Malik; ca. 677 - 749/750) ou Abdelas (em grego: Ἀβδελᾶς)[1] foi um general e governador do Egito e príncipe omíada, filho do califa Abedal Maleque ibne Maruane (r. 685–705).

Biografia

Abedalá nasceu ca. 677 e cresceu na capital califal, Damasco. Durante sua juventude, acompanhou seu pai em várias campanhas. Ele liderou sua própria campanha pela primeira vez em 700/701, como retaliação pelos ataques do general bizantino Heráclio. Durante sua expedição, capturou a fortaleza fronteiriça de Teodosiópolis e invadiu a Armênia Menor. Em 701, foi enviado, junto com seu tio Maomé ibne Maruane para o Iraque, para ajudar Alhajaje ibne Iúçufe a suprimir a rebelião de Abederramão. No ano seguinte, as províncias armênias bizantinas a leste do Eufrates, recém-capturadas por Maomé, iniciaram uma revolta que espalhou-se por muito da Armênia. Em 703, Abedalá conquistou Mopsuéstia na Cilícia, que refortificou como a primeira grande fortaleza califal na área, e então avançou para subjugar a revolta armênia com seu tio Maomé.[2][3]

No final de 704, contudo, foi chamado de volta da Armênia para servir como governador do Egito, sucedendo seu tio Abedalazize ibne Maruane. O mandato de Abedalá foi marcado por seus esforços para assegurar o controle do governo califal sobre a província após 20 anos do mandato de Abedalazize, que fez a província virtualmente seu feudo pessoal.[4] Isso foi feito às custas das elites locais, que Abedalazize tinha sido cuidado para cooptar: Abedalá demitiu os nomeados de seu tio e requereu que os assuntos do governo fossem realizados em árabe em vez de copta. Seu mandato foi arruinado pela primeira crime famélica sob governo islâmico e por acusações de corrupção e desfalque de fundos públicos. Ele foi reconvocado em 708/709 e seus ganhos foram confiscados pelo califa.[5] Nada se sabe sobre ele depois disso, exceto por um relato de Iacubi que ele foi executado por crucificação pelo primeiro califa abássida, Açafá (r. 750–754), em Hira em 749/750.[2]

Referências

  1. Winkelmann 1999, p. 5.
  2. a b Becker 1986, p. 42.
  3. Treadgold 1997, p. 339.
  4. Kennedy 1998, p. 70–71.
  5. Kennedy 1998, p. 71–72.

Bibliografia

  • Becker, C.H. (1986). «'Abd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Malik». The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B. Leida e Nova Iorque: BRILL. ISBN 90-04-08114-3 
  • Kennedy, Hugh (1998). «Egypt as a province in the Islamic caliphate, 641–868». In: Petry, Carl F. Cambridge History of Egypt, Volume One: Islamic Egypt, 640–1517. Cambrígia: Imprensa da Universidade de Cambrígia. ISBN 0-521-47137-0 
  • Treadgold, Warren T. (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, Califórnia: imprensa da Universidade de Stanford. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2 
  • Winkelmann, Friedhelm; Ralph-Johannes Lilie; Claudia Ludwig, Rochow Pratsch; Zielke Ilse (1999). «Muḥammad ibn Marwān (#5189)». Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit: I. Abteilung (641–867), 3. Band: Leon (#4271) – Placentius (#6265). Berlim e Nova Iorque: Brill. ISBN 978-3-11-016673-6 

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