Jonasz

Jonasz
‏יוֹנָה‎
prorok
Ilustracja
Prorok Jonasz – fresk autorstwa Michała Anioła w Kaplicy Sykstyńskiej
Data i miejsce urodzenia

IX/VIII wiek p.n.e.
Gat-Chefer

Data i miejsce śmierci

VIII wiek p.n.e.
Niniwa

Czczony przez

Kościół katolicki,
Cerkiew prawosławna

Wspomnienie

21 września

Prorok Jonasz – zwieńczenie ołtarza głównego katedry w Gorzowie Wlkp.

Jonasz (hebr. ‏יוֹנָה‎ Jona, dosł. „gołąb”; stgr. Ἰωνᾶς) – prorok izraelski, żyjący i działający w VIII wieku p.n.e., w Izraelu i Asyrii, pochodzący z Gat-Chefer. Opisany w biblijnej Księdze Jonasza, której autorstwo jemu się właśnie przypisuje.

Przepowiadał zdobycze terytorialne Królestwa Izraela za panowania Jeroboama II oraz ostrzegał mieszkańców Niniwy przed zburzeniem miasta, co spotkało się z pozytywnym odbiorem.

Działalność Jonasza wśród Asyryjczyków zbiegła się w czasie z zaćmieniem Słońca widocznym z Niniwy w 763 p.n.e. To zdarzenie mogło być niewspomnianym w Biblii czynnikiem, który przekonał mieszkańców miasta do wysłuchania proroka[1].

Przekaz Biblijny

Według Księgi Jonasza, Bóg kazał mu się udać do Niniwy, stolicy Asyrii, wroga Izraelitów. Miał nawoływać jej mieszkańców, aby zaniechali swych niegodziwości. Jonasz, chcąc się uchylić od tego polecenia, wsiadł na statek udający się w przeciwnym kierunku, do Tarszisz[2]. Rozpętała się jednak burza i dla Jonasza stało się jasne, że tego powodem jest jego ucieczka przed Bogiem. Kazał załodze wyrzucić się za burtę. Kiedy to uczynili, sztorm ucichł, a Jonasz został połknięty przez wielką rybę, w której brzuchu spędził trzy dni i trzy noce[3].

Gdy ryba wypluła go na brzeg, postanowił spełnić swą misję w Niniwie, której mieszkańcy w rezultacie okazali skruchę Bogu, zaczęli pościć i modlić się o przebaczenie. Dzięki temu JHWH odwołał zapowiedzianą karę za nieposłuszeństwo i miasto zostało oszczędzone.

Grobowiec

24 lipca 2014 Państwo Islamskie wysadziło w powietrze grobowiec proroka Jonasza w Mosulu[4][5].

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. Толкование Библии. Книга Пророка Ионы. otveti.org. [dostęp 2019-03-09]. (ros.).
  2. Jon 1,2-3 w przekładach Biblii.
  3. Jon 1,15-17 w przekładach Biblii.
  4. Irak: Państwo Islamskie zniszczyło starożytne mury Niniwy, dostęp 25.04.2015.
  5. ISIS Demolishes Part of Historic Nineveh, dostęp 25.04.2015.

Bibliografia

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