Żyworódkowate (ryby)

Ten artykuł dotyczy ryb. Zobacz też: inne znaczenia.
Żyworódkowate
Goodeidae[1]
Jordan, 1923
Ilustracja
Przedstawiciel rodziny – Ameca splendens
Systematyka
Domena

eukarionty

Królestwo

zwierzęta

Typ

strunowce

Podtyp

kręgowce

Gromada

promieniopłetwe

Rząd

karpieńcokształtne

Rodzina

żyworódkowate

Systematyka w Wikispecies
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Żyworódkowate (Goodeidae) – rodzina ryb karpieńcokształtnych. Często błędnie nazywane żyworódkami meksykańskimi lub karpiowatymi – zyskały ogromną popularność wraz z pojawieniem się na rynku ryb z gatunku Ameca splendens (ameka wspaniała) na początku lat 70. XX wieku. Ich atrakcyjność wiąże się z niezwykłą strategią rozrodczą. Żyworodkowate są blisko spokrewnione z piękniczkowatymi, aczkolwiek wykazują wiele cech odrębnych.

Występowanie

W wodach słodkich i słonawych Nevady i Meksyku.

Cechy charakterystyczne

Osiągają długość do 20 cm. Liczba łusek w linii bocznej wynosi 30–35. Płetwa grzbietowa z jednym twardym promieniem i 14–15 miękkimi. Przednie promienie płetwy odbytowej są przekształcone w narząd kopulacyjny zwany andropodium. Zapłodnienie wewnętrzne. Samice nie magazynują spermy. Ryby żyworodne. Jajo zawiera mało żółtka, dlatego zarodki po wykluciu się korzystają z substancji odżywczych produkowanych przez organizm samicy (matrotrofia).

Klasyfikacja

Rodzaje zaliczane do tej rodziny[2] są zgrupowane w podrodzinach Empetrichthyinae, Goodeinae:

Allodontichthys – Alloophorus – Allotoca – Ameca – Ataeniobius – Chapalichthys – Characodon – Crenichthys – Empetrichthys – Girardinichthys – Goodea – Hubbsina – Ilyodon – Skiffia – Xenoophorus – Xenotaenia – Xenotoca – Zoogoneticus

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Goodeidae, [w:] Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. ↑ W.N. Eschmeyer, R. Fricke: Catalog of Fishes electronic version (7 June 2012). California Academy of Sciences. [dostęp 2012-08-11]. (ang.).

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