Reality-TV

Reality-TV (på engelsk ofte kalt reality drama) er en programsjanger for fjernsyn som viser personer som opptrer som seg selv, ikke skuespillere i roller, og som handler i «virkelige» situasjoner, enten de utfører dagligdagse gjøremål i sitt vanlige liv eller utfører arrangerte oppgaver i et konstruert miljø. Reality-TV låner formgrep fra dokumentarfilm, fra fiksjonsfilm eller dramatikk med et skrevet manuskript og fra underholdningsprogram. Deltakerne skal ofte utføre en bestemt oppgave eller konkurrere med hverandre. Reality-TV er vanligvis formet som en serie med flere episoder som sendes fast hver dag eller uke.

Eksempler på populære realityserier er Big Brother, Farmen, Sjarmørskolen, Paradise Hotel, Kompani Lauritzen, 71° nord, Anno, Ikke lov å le på hytta, Melodi Grand Prix, Skal vi danse, Stjernekamp, Maskorama eller Heia Tufte. Den dramaturgiske motoren er vanligvis utstemming, og intriger fremprovoseres gjennom dette. Mange norske realityserier følger en streng programoppskrift kjøpt fra utenlandske suksesserier.

Konkurransedrevet reality er serier hvor den dramaturgiske drivkraften er konkurransene og resultatet av disse.

Undersjangre

  • Dokusåpe eller doku-reality (satt sammen av dokumentar og såpeopera) følger allerede eksisterende miljøer, og skildrer livet her gjennom alminnelige mennesker, ofte i grupper som har noe til felles, for eksempel felles arbeidsplass eller fritidsaktivitet, og gjerne over lengre tid. Eksempler på norske og utenlandske dokusåper er Campingliv, Charterfeber, Yngrebølgen og Fete Typer eller The Osbournes.
Også mer tradisjonelle dokumentarserier som handler om vanlige mennesker, vil kunne defineres inn i denne sjangeren, som Raballder, Et lite stykke Thailand og Hyttedrømmen.
  • Infotainment-reality tar sikte på å formidle kunnskap gjennom miljøet deltakerne oppholder seg i. Anno er et eksempel på en slik realityserie.

Se også

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