Bitburg

Bitburg

Våpen

LandTysklands flagg Tyskland
DelstatRheinland-Pfalz’ flagg Rheinland-Pfalz
Postnummer54634
Retningsnummer06561
Areal47,55 kvadratkilometer[1]
Befolkning17 465[2] (2023)
Bef.tetthet367,3 innb./kvadratkilometer
Høyde o.h.320 meter
Nettsidewww.bitburg.de/
Posisjonskart
Bitburg ligger i Tyskland
Bitburg
Bitburg
Bitburg (Tyskland)
Kart
Bitburg
49°58′29″N 6°31′32″Ø
Bitburg på Commons

Bitburg (fransk: Bitbourg; luxembourgsk: Béibreg) er en by i den tyske delstaten Rheinland-Pfalz og administrasjonssenter for distriktet Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm. Bitburg ligger i Kylldalen, om lag to kilometer fra elva Kyll. Den større byen Trier ligger 25 kilometer mot sørøst.

Historie

Navnet Bitburg stammer fra det keltiske stedsnavnet Beda. Beda oppstod for ca. 2 000 år siden i Søreifel som en bosetning langs handelsrutene mellom Lyon og Köln. Stedet var en del av Romerriket, og blir nevnt i romerske kilder som Beda Vicus. Romerne utvidet bosetningen til et veifort i år 330.[3]

I det 8. århundre ble stedet tatt over av frankerne, og i 1262 ble Bitburg gitt byrettigheter. I tidlig middelalder tilhørte Bitburg jarledømmet Luxembourg, som ble et hertugdømme i 1354. I 1443 overtok huset av Valois-Burgund byen. I 1792 ble byen satt under fransk administrasjon, og etter Napoleonskrigene ble byen i 1815 overlatt til den prøysiske Rhin-provinsen. Siden 1815 har Bitburg vært Kreisstadt (distriktshovedstad).

Mellom 1944 og 1945 ble 85 % av byen ødelagt av bombing og artilleri. Etter krigen etablerte først franskmennene en militærbase; den ble siden overtatt av amerikanerne som bygde en flybase. Basen ble nedlagt i 1994[4].

Næringsliv

Byens landemerke og mest kjente virksomhet er bryggeriet Bitburger Brauerei.

Transport

Jernbanestasjonen i Bitburg er del av Eifelbanen mellom Köln (Hürth-Kalscheuren) og Trier (Ehrang).

Vennskapsbyer

Bilder

  • Bitburg i Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm.
    Bitburg i Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm.
  • Bitburg flybase i 1988.
    Bitburg flybase i 1988.
  • Bitburg bryggeri.
    Bitburg bryggeri.

Referanser

  1. ^ «Alle politisch selbständigen Gemeinden mit ausgewählten Merkmalen am 31.12.2018 (4. Quartal)». Statistisches Bundesamt. Arkivert fra originalen 10. mars 2019. Besøkt 10. mars 2019. 
  2. ^ (på de) Alle politisch selbständigen Gemeinden mit ausgewählten Merkmalen am 31.12.2023, Statistisches Bundesamt, 28. oktober 2024, Wikidata Q131220759, https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Laender-Regionen/Regionales/Gemeindeverzeichnis/Administrativ/Archiv/GVAuszugJ/31122023_Auszug_GV.html 
  3. ^ godic.net
  4. ^ bitburg.de

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