Jens Esmark

Jens Esmark

Fødd31. januar 1763
Houlbjerg
Død26. januar 1839
Christiania
NasjonalitetNoreg
Yrkegeolog, professor, glasiolog
InstitusjonarUniversitetet i Oslo
BarnLaurits Martin Esmark, Morten Thrane Esmark
MedlemKungliga Vetenskapsakademien
Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi
Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab
Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab
Isbreen Briksdalsbreen

Jens Esmark (31. januar 1763–26. januar 1839) var ein danskfødd professor i mineralogi ved Universitetet i Oslo. Han er kjend for å ha utvikla teoriar kring isbrear og istider.

Esmark dreiv først medisinske studiar i København, men reiste seinare til Kongsberg for å studere bergvitskap. Seinare gjorde han reiser til mellom anna Sachsen, Böhmen, Ungarn og fleire andre stader. I 1797 vart han overbergamtsassessor på Kongsberg og 1802 lektor ved det bergseminaret der. I 1814 vart han utnemnd til professor i mineralogi ved universitetet i Christiania. I Sør-Noreg reiste Esmark rundt å studerte geologien i landet, og han skreiv fleire avhandlingar og ei reiseskildring, Reise fra Christiania til Trondhjem (1829). Han skreiv òg avhandlingar om økonomiske og teknologiske emne.

Han var gift med Wibecke Thrane Brünnich (1778–1811). Blant barna deira var prest og mineralog Morten Thrane Esmark (1801–82) som i 1828 oppdaga thoritt, og zoologiprofessor Laurits Martin Esmark (1806–84). Bror til Jens var Lauritz Esmark (1765–1842), jurist og landmålar som studerte sandflukt på Jylland.

Den engelske presten Richard Carter Smith ville på si reise i Noreg i 1838 vitje «den kjente mineralog», men fekk i stedet helse på sonen til den gamle professoren, Morten - «en intelligent ung mann som er entomolog og orintolog.»[1]

Fjellklatring

Esmark dreiv mykje med fjellklatring. I 1798 vart Esmark den fyrste til å bestiga Snøhetta. Same året leidde han den fyrste ekspedisjonen til Bitihorn, eit lite fjell sør i Jotunheimen. I 1810 vart han òg den fyrste på Gaustatoppen i Telemark.

Geologi

I 1798 utvikla Esmark ein teori om at isbreane ein gong hadde vore større og tjukkare og hadde dekt mykje av Noreg samt havbotnen rundt, men han la tida til ein av dei eldste geologiske periodane ein då kjende til. Esmark var også ein viktig figur i historia og kulturarva til mineralogien og fleire nytta bergartsnamn, som sparagmitt og noritt, skriv seg frå Esmark.

Kjelder

  1. ↑ Smith, Richard Carter: Reise i Norge 1838. (Oversatt fra håndskrevet manuskript.) Universitetsforlaget 1976, s.58.

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