Heksogenas

Heksogenas cheminė struktūra
Heksogenas

1,3,5-trinitroperhidro-1,3,5-triazinas
1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacikloheksanas
IUPAC pavadinimas
Cheminė formulė C3H6N6O6
Molinė masė 222,117 g/mol
Jautrumas smūgiui Mažas
Jautrumas trinčiai Mažas
Tankis 1,82 g/cm³
Detonacijos greitis 8750 m/s
Lydymosi temperatūra 205,5 °C
Savaiminio užsiliepsnojimo temperatūra 234 °C
Išvaizda Bespalviai kristalai
CAS numeris 121-82-4
PubChem 8490
SMILES C1N(CN(CN1[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]

Heksogenas (R.D.X, ciklotrimetilentrinitraminas, ciklonitas, T4, pagal IUPAC 1,3,5-trinitroperhidro-1,3,5-triazinas) – sprogstamoji medžiaga. Cheminė formulė: C3H6N6O6.

Detonacijos greitis: 8300 m/s esant tankiui 1,0g/cm³

Išrastas 1898 m. Iš pradžių jį naudojo kaip vaistą. Tai smulkiakristalė baltos spalvos medžiaga. Lyginamasis svoris 1,8 t/m³. Heksogenas neturi kvapo ir skonio, nehigroskopiškas, vandenyje netirpsta. Lydosi +202 ± 1°C. temperatūroje. Chemiškai neaktyvus, su metalais nereaguoja. Deginant daugiau kaip 1 kg heksogeno jis gali detonuoti. Dega energingai, balta liepsna. Mechaniniam poveikiui mažiau jautrus už teną. Peršaunamas gali sprogti. Švarus heksogenas naudojamas detonatorių gamyboje. Pridedant specialių plastifikatorių – gaunami plastikiniai sprogmenys (C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4).

Gavimas

Gaunamas heksaminą nitruojant balta, rūkstančia (virš 90 %) azoto rūgštimi:

(CH2)6N4 + 4HNO3 → (CH2-N-NO2)3 + 3HCHO + NH4+ + NO3-

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