Džiunglės (1906 knyga)

Džiunglės

1948 m. lietuviško leidimo viršelis

Autorius Upton Sinclair
Šalis JAV
Žanras Politinis romanas
UDK: 821.111(73)-311.6
Pilna knyga 1948 m. liet. leidimas Ilinojaus universitete
Originalus leidimas
Pavadinimas The Jungle
Šalis JAV
Kalba anglų
Leidykla Doubleday
Išleista 1906 m.
Formatas Kietais viršeliais
Puslapių 475
Pirmasis lietuviškas leidimas
Pavadinimas Džiunglės
Leidykla Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla
Išleista 1948 m.
Vertėjas Antanas Milukas
Puslapių 462
Knyga pirmą sykį publikuota dalimis socialistiniame žurnale „Appeal to reason“[1]
Kitos reikšmės – Džiunglės (reikšmės).

Džiunglės (angl. The Jungle) – 1906 m. Uptono Sinclairo knyga, pasakojanti apie Amerikos lietuvių gyvenimą Čikagoje dvidešimto šimtmečio pradžioje. Knyga rašyta, kaip socializmo propaganda.[2] Žinias apie knygoje aprašytus Čikagos mėsos pakavimo fabrikus U. Sinclair surinko būdamas žurnalistu, ir incognito pats dirbdamas tokiame fabrike, kai ruošė straipsnį socialistiniam laikraščiui „Appeal to Reason“ 1904 m.

Siužetas

DĖMESIO: toliau atskleidžiamos kūrinio detalės

Knygoje vaizduojamos sunkios darbininkų sąlygos Čikagos mėsos pakavimo fabrikuose.

Romano pradžioje du jauni lietuviai, Jurgis Rudkus ir Ona Lukošaitė, gyvenantys Čikagoje, susituokia. Abu su savo šeimomis (Antanas Rudkus, Jurgio tėvas, Teta Elžbieta, Onos pamotė ir šeši jos vaikai, Marija, Onos pusseserė, ir Jonas) į Ameriką atvyko ieškoti laimės, bet tuoj supranta, kad padarė klaidą ten važiuodami.

Iš pradžių, visa šeima susideda pinigus ir nusiperka namą. Jie sunkiai ir ilgai dirba, kad išlaikytų namą ir susimokėtų skolas. Antanas, Jurgio tėvas, sirgęs tuberkulioze, miršta, ir Jonas vieną dieną pabėga iš namų. Onai ir Jurgiui vėliau gimsta sūnus Antaniukas. Gyvenimas nesiklosto toliau, Jurgis sužino, kad Ona reguliariai verčiama teikti seksualines paslaugas savo bosui Konor, kad nebūtų atleista iš darbo. Jurgis sumuša Konor, ir už tai yra uždaromas į kalėjimą.

Grįžęs iš kalėjimo, Jurgis sužino, kad šeima prarado namą ir persikėlė gyventi pas kaimynę lietuvę. Pakavimo fabrikai Jurgio nebepriima į darbą dėl teistumo. Ona miršta gimdydama. Antaniukas vėliau nuskęsta prie namų, ir Jurgis palieka Čikagą. Prasigėręs jis, benamis, keliauja po kaimus ir parsisamdo sezoniniams darbams, tačiau pastovaus pragyvenimo šaltinio rasti negali. Galiausiai nusprendžia grįžti į Čikagą. Ten susiranda darbą, tačiau netrukus jį vėl praranda. Dar kartą sutikęs Konor ir jį vėl užpuolęs, vėl atsiduria kalėjime. Ten sutinka Džeką Diuvaną ir kartu pradeda apiplėšinėti žmones. Vieną dieną Jurgis atsitiktinai užeina į paskaitą apie socializmą ir prisijungia prie socializmo partijos, tikėdamas, kad Čikaga priklausys neturtingiesiems. Knyga pasibaigia socialistų mitingu ir pirmosiomis politinėmis pergalėmis.

Nuorodos ir šaltiniai

  1. ↑ http://www.tomthebookguy.com/2015/01/the-jungle-by-upton-sinclair-1906-first-edition/
  2. ↑ Mark W. Van Wienen. „American socialist triptych: the literary-political work of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Upton Sinclair, and W.E.B. Du Bois. n.p.“ Book Review Digest Plus (H.W. Wilson). University of Michigan Press, 2012 m.

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