Historia Cambriae

Tabula geographica victoriae Romanae de Cambria.

Historia Cambriae coepit cum homines in terram abhinc annorum milia advenerent. Neanderthalenses in regione quae nunc Cambria (Cambrice Cymru) appellatur habitabant abhinc paene annorum 230 000,[1] cum homines nostrae speciei circiter 31 000 a.C.n. advenerent.[2] Continua autem habitatio ab hominibus modernis ex fine ultimi aevi glacialis circa 9000 a.C.n. ordiebatur, unde Cambriae hodiernae sunt permulta reliquia ex aevis Mesolithico, Neolithico, et Aeneo. Huic regioni per Aetatem Ferream, sicut omni Britanniae ad meridiem Fiordi Forth versus, Britanni Celtici et lingua Britannica dominabantur.[3]

Bryn Celli Ddu, sepulcrum cameratum ex Neolithico exeunte Monae in insula Cambrica exstructum.
Tabula geographica Britanniae circa annum 500.
Lapis sepulcralis regis Cadfan ap Iago ex Gwynedd (mortuus circa 625) in templo Llangadwaladr.
Regna mediaevalia per fines civitatis Cambriae videntur.
Rex Hywel Dda in manuscripto saeculi tertimi decimi pictus.
Monumentum Llywelyn ad Cilmeri.
Castrum Harlech fuit unum e nonnullis ab Eduardo I Angliae aedificatis.
Henricus Tudor, deinde Henricus VII.
Duae fornaces societatis Blaenavon Ironworks.

Copiae Romanae, victoriam de Britannia anno 43 incipentes, Claudio imperatore regnante, primum in terra nunc Cambria septentrionali orientalique appellata contra Deceanglos anno 48 pugnaverunt, et gentes bellicosissimas in dicionem eorum imperii redegerunt anno 79, Ordovicibus omnino devictis. Romani Britanniam saeculo quinto reliquerunt, ut Anglosaxones colonias illuc deducere coepissent. Postea lingua et cultura Britannicae gradatim inter se diffissa sunt, ac nonnulli greges distincti orti sunt. Gens Cambrica fuit maximus ex his gregibus, qui usitate describuntur praeter homines qui linguis Britannicis post saeculum undecimum iam utebantur.[3]

Nexus interni

Notae

  1. ↑ Davies 1994: 3–4.
  2. ↑ Richards, M. P.; Trinkaus, E. (September 2009). "Out of Africa: modern human origins special feature: isotopic evidence for the diets of European Neanderthals and early modern humans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (38): 16034–9 .
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Koch 2006: 291–92.

Bibliographia

  • Beddoe, Deirdre. 2000. Out of the shadows: A history of women in twentieth-century Wales. University of Wales Press.
  • Cunliffe, Barry. 1987. Iron Age communities in Britain. Ed. secunda. Londinii: Routledge & Kegan Paul. ISBN 0-7100-8725-X.
  • Davies, John. 1994. A History of Wales. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-014581-8.
  • Davies, John. 2009. The Making of Wales. Ed. secunda. The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7524-5241-8.
  • Davies, R. R. 1987. Conquest, coexistence and change: Wales 1063–1415. Clarendon Press, University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-19-821732-3. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208785.001.0001.
  • Davies, Russell. 2015. People, Places and Passions:" Pain and Pleasure": A Social History of Wales and the Welsh, 1870–1945. University of Wales Press.
  • Frere, Sheppard Sunderland. 1987. Britannia: A History of Roman Britain. Ed. tertia. Londinii: Routledge & Kegan Paul. ISBN 0-7102-1215-1.
  • Jenkins, Geraint H. 1987. The foundations of modern Wales, 1642–1780. Clarendon Press, University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-19-821734-X.
  • Jones, Barri, et David Mattingly. 2007. An Atlas of Roman Britain. Cantabrigiae: Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 978-1-84217-067-0.
  • Johnes, Martin. "For Class and Nation: Dominant Trends in the Historiography of Twentieth‐Century Wales." History Compass 8#11 (2010): 1257–1274.
  • Johnes, Martin. 2019. Wales: England's Colony? The Conquest, Assimilation and Re-creation of Wales. Cardigan: Parthian.
  • Koch, John T. 2006. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO.
  • Laing, Lloyd. 1975 "Wales and the Isle of Man." In The Archaeology of Late Celtic Britain and Ireland, c. 400–1200 AD, 89–119. Frome: Book Club Associates.
  • Laing, Lloyd, et Jennifer Laing. 1990. "The non-Romanized zone of Britannia." In Celtic Britain and Ireland, c. 200–800, 96–123. Novi Eboraci: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-04767-3.
  • Lloyd, John Edward. 1911. A history of Wales: from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest. Londinii: Longmans, Green & Co.
  • Frances Lynch. 1995. Gwynedd. A Guide to Ancient and Historic Wales series. HMSO. ISBN 0-11-701574-1.
  • Frances Lynch. 1970. Prehistoric Anglesey: the archaeology of the island to the Roman conquest. Anglesey Antiquarian Society.
  • Maund, Kari. 2006. The Welsh kings: warriors, warlords and princes. Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-2973-6.
  • Moore, David. 2005. The Welsh wars of independence: c.410–c.1415. Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-3321-0.
  • Morgan, Kenneth O. 1981. Rebirth of a nation: Wales 1880–1980. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press, University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-19-821736-6.
  • Ross, David. 2014. Wales History of a Nation. Ed. secunda.
  • Stephenson, David. 1984. The governance of Gwynedd. University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-0850-3.
  • Williams, Glanmor. 1987. Recovery, reorientation and reformation: Wales c.1415–1642. Clarendon Press, University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-19-821733-1.
  • Williams, Gwyn A. 1985. When Was Wales?: A History of the Welsh. Black Raven Press. ISBN 0-85159-003-9.
  • Withey, Alun. 2009. "Health, Medicine and the Family in Wales, c. 1600-1750." PDF.[nexus deficit]

Religio

  • Chambers, Paul, et Andrew Thompson. 2005. "Coming to terms with the past: religion and identity in Wales." Social compass 52 (3): 337–52.
  • Davies, Ebnezer Thomas. 1965. Religion in the Industrial Revolution of South Wales. University of Wales Press.
  • Jenkins, Geraint H. 1978. Literature, religion and society in Wales, 1660–1730. University of Wales Press.
  • Mann, Horace. 1854. Census of Great Britain, 1851: Religious Worship in England and Wales. Ge. Routledge. Archivum.
  • Morgan, Derec Llwyd. 1988. The Great Awakening in Wales. Epworth Press.
  • Walker, R. B. 1973. "The Growth of Wesleyan Methodism in Victorian England and Wales." The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 24 (3): 267–84.
  • Williams, Glanmor. 1976. The Welsh Church from Conquest to Reformation. University of Wales Press.
  • Williams, Glanmor. 2007. The Welsh Church from Reformation to Disestablishment: 1603–1920. University of Wales Press.
  • Williams, Glanmor, ed. 1967. Welsh reformation essays. University of Wales Press.
  • Yalden, Peter. 2004. "Association, Community and the Origins of Secularisation: English and Welsh Nonconformity, c. 1850–1930." The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 55 (2): 293–324.

Historiographia

  • Evans, Neil. 2016. Writing a Small Nation's Past: Wales in Comparative Perspective, 1850–1950. Routledge.
  • Giles, John Allen, ed. 1841. The Works of Gildas and Nennius. Londinii: James Bohn. Prima pagina.
  • Withey, Alun. 2008. "Unhealthy Neglect? The Medicine and Medical Historiography of Early Modern Wales." Social history of medicine 21 (1): 163–74. PDF.

Fontes primarii

  • Brut y Tywysogyon or The Chronicle of the Princes. Peniarth Ms. 20 version, ed. et conv. T. Jones. Cardiff, 1952.
  • Annales Cambriae. A Translation of Harleian 3859; PRO E.164/1; Cottonian Domitian, A 1; Exeter Cathedral Library MS. 3514 and MS Exchequer DB Neath, PRO E. ISBN 1-899376-81-X.

Nexus externi