Graeci antiqui gallos quam ferocissimos requirebant atque educabant ad rixas certaminum: nam pignus in victore ponebant atque ita quaestum facere sperabant. Hunc consuetudinemRomani antiqui aspernati sunt: iam tempore Columellae gallus cohortalis "vulgo per omnes fere villas conspiciebatur"[10]; nam gallinariae pastionis "non spernendus est reditus." Hic gallus cohortalis vel villaticus dictus a rustico et ab Africano distinguebatur, quae tria praecipua genera illius temporis fuerunt. Pauca post saecula nonne etiam Palladius scripsit: "Gallinas educare nulla mulier nescit quae modo videtur industria"[11]". Voce gallus gallinaceus complures scriptores Latini usi sunt.
Hoc in hybrida, mas et femina aspectu distinguuntur, gallus a gallina statura maiore, crista rubra in capite, spiculisque cretis, calcaribus, coloribus lucidioribus pennarum, cauda multicolore plumarum in figura cristae differt. Anglice, galli cauda (cocktail) est nomen potus multicoloris. Differt etiam canendo, quod mas matutine canit (Francogallicecocorico; Hispanicequiquiriqui ; Anglicecock-a-doodle-do) neque femina eodem modo canit. Sunt varietates quae canunt diutissime, sicut Gallus montensis cantans. Gallorum amor nativus pugnandi adhibetur ut pugnae gallorum instituantur. Qui mos vivacissimus olim in Francia septentrionali Belgioque iam vetatur. Perennis est in insulisAsianis sicut in America Media.
Quod nomina simillima sunt, avis gallus est signum Franciae, olim Gallia appellatae. Manus Francogallicae igitur imaginem galli usitate portant dum pro patria ludunt, sive pedilusores, canistrilusores, vel etiam qui curling ludant.
↑Apud Varronem legimus "proprio nomine vocantur feminae gallinae, mares galli, capi semimares, qui sunt castrati" (Res Rusticae 3.9.3.). Galli recenter ex ovo exclusi pulli appellantur.
↑"Humans first domesticated chickens of Indian origin for the purpose of cockfighting in Asia, Africa, and Europe. Very little formal attention was given to egg or meat production." W. P. Garrigus, "Poultry Farming,"Encyclopædia Britannica (2007).
↑Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, "The History of Poultry," in The History of Food, Anthea Bell, interpres (ed. retractata, 2009), p. 306.
↑Howard Carter, "An Ostracon Depicting a Red Jungle-Fowl (The Earliest Known Drawing of the Domestic Cock)," The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 9(1/2, 1923):1-4.
↑Pritchard, "The Asiatic Campaigns of Thutmose III," Ancient Near East Texts related to the Old Testament, p. 240.
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