아세트알데하이드

아세트알데하이드
Lewis structure of acetaldehyde
Lewis structure of acetaldehyde
Skeletal structure of acetaldehyde
Skeletal structure of acetaldehyde
Ball-and-stick model
Ball-and-stick model
Space-filling model
Space-filling model
이름
우선명 (PIN)
Acetaldehyde[3]
체계명
Ethanal[3]
별칭
Acetic aldehyde
Ethyl aldehyde[1]
Acetylaldehyde[2]
식별자
3D 모델 (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.761
EC 번호
  • 200-836-8
KEGG
RTECS 번호
  • AB1925000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C2H4O/c1-2-3/h2H,1H3 예
    Key: IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 예
  • InChI=1/C2H4O/c1-2-3/h2H,1H3
    Key: IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYAB
  • O=CC
  • CC=O
성질
C2H4O
몰 질량 44.053 g·mol−1
겉보기 Colourless liquid
냄새 Ethereal
밀도 0.784 g·cm−3 (20 °C)[4]

0.7904–0.7928 g·cm−3 (10 °C)[4]

녹는점 −123.37 °C (−190.07 °F; 149.78 K)
끓는점 20.2 °C (68.4 °F; 293.3 K)
miscible
용해도 miscible with ethanol, ether, benzene, toluene, xylene, turpentine, acetone
slightly soluble in chloroform
log P -0.34
증기 압력 740 mmHg (20 °C)[5]
산성도 (pKa) 13.57 (25 °C, H2O)[6]
-.5153−6 cm3/g
1.3316
점도 0.21 mPa-s at 20 °C (0.253 mPa-s at 9.5 °C)[7]
구조
trigonal planar (sp²) at C1
tetrahedral (sp³) at C2
2.7 D
열화학
250 J·mol−1·K−1
−166 kJ·mol−1
위험
주요 위험 potential occupational carcinogen[9]
물질 안전 보건 자료 HMDB
GHS 그림문자 GHS02: FlammableGHS07: HarmfulGHS08: Health hazard[8]
H224, H319, H335, H351[8]
P210, P261, P281, P305+351+338[8]
NFPA 704 (파이어 다이아몬드)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondFlammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity code 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
3
3
인화점 −39.00 °C; −38.20 °F; 234.15 K
175.00 °C; 347.00 °F; 448.15 K[5]
폭발 한계 4.0–60%
반수 치사량 또는 반수 치사농도 (LD, LC):
1930 mg/kg (rat, oral)
13,000 ppm (rat),
17,000 ppm (hamster),
20,000 ppm (rat)[9]
NIOSH (미국 건강 노출 한계):
PEL (허용)
200 ppm (360 mg/m3)[5]
IDLH (직접적 위험)
2000 ppm[5][9]
관련 화합물
폼알데하이드
Propionaldehyde
관련 화합물
Ethylene oxide
달리 명시된 경우를 제외하면, 표준상태(25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa)에서 물질의 정보가 제공됨.
예 확인 (관련 정보 예아니오아니오 ?)

아세트알데하이드(영어: acetaldehyde 애시트앨더하이드[*] /ˌæsitˈædəhˌaid/) 또는 아세트알데히드(독일어: acetaldehyd)는 알데하이드 화합물의 일종이다. 에탄알(Ethanal)이라고도 한다.

분자식CH3CHO이다. 상온에서는 무색 액체로 존재한다. 녹는점은 -123.5°C, 끓는점은 20.2°C이다.[10] , 에탄올, 에테르와 잘 섞인다. 연소열은 218.9kcal이다.

체내에서는 의 주성분인 에탄올의 대사과정에서 형성되는 대사산물이며, 숙취의 원인이다. 간에 있는 알데하이드 탈수소효소(Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, ALDH)는 아세트알데하이드를 다시 아세트산으로 분해해 알코올 대사를 진행하게 되는데, ALDH가 부족할 경우 술을 마시면 얼굴이 금방 붉어지게 된다.[11][12]

에서 떫은맛이 사라지는 이유와 관련되어 있는데, 의 무기호흡 과정에서 생성되어 떫은맛의 원인인 타닌과 중합을 일으키기 때문에 의 떫은맛이 사라지게 된다.[13]

반응

아세트알데하이드가 관여된 반응으로는 주로 다음과 같은 것이 있다.[10]

이중 암모니아성 질산 은 용액, 로자닐린, 페닐 하이드라진, 세미카바자이드와의 반응은 아세트알데하이드의 검출에 널리 사용된다.[10]

제법

공업적으로 아세트알데하이드를 대량생산하는 방법으로는 다음과 같은 것이 있다.[10]

용도

아세트알데하이드는 주로 다음과 같은 용도로 사용된다.[10]

안전성

섭취 시 위장에 자극을 주고 구역질, 구토, 설사를 일으킬 수 있다. 삼킬 경우 해롭다. 중추신경억제제로 작용한다.[14]

흡입 시 기도에 자극을 줄 수 있으며, 고농도에는 마취 효과가 있을 수 있다. 노출될 경우 중추신경억제 효과가 있을 수 있다. 증기는 어지러움 또는 질식을 일으킬 수 있으며, 폐수종이 있을 수 있다. 다량을 흡입할 경우 호흡 항진이 있을 수 있으며 그 뒤 호흡 불량, 경련, 호흡계 마비로 인한 사망에 이를 수 있다.[14]

피부를 자극하고, 민감하게 만든다. 알레르기 반응이 있을 수 있다.[14]

눈에 심각한 염증을 일으킬 수 있다. 증기는 눈을 자극할 수 있다. 일시적인 각막의 손상을 줄 수 있다. 최루 효과가 있다.[14]

같이 보기

각주

  1. SciFinderScholar (accessed 4 November 2009). Acetaldehyde (75-07-0) Substance Detail.
  2. Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer p. 190
  3. 《Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book)》. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. 908쪽. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-00648. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. 
  4. Stoffdaten Acetaldehyd bei Celanese Chemicals. 보관됨 17 5월 2008 - 웨이백 머신 as of December 1999.
  5. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. “#0001”. 미국 국립 직업안전위생연구소 (NIOSH). 
  6. Haynes, William M., 편집. (2016). 《CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics》 97판. CRC Press. 5–88쪽. ISBN 9781498754293. 
  7. “Acetaldehyde”. 
  8. Sigma-Aldrich Co. Retrieved on 2013-07-20.
  9. “Acetaldehyde”. NIOSH. 2014년 12월 4일. 2015년 2월 12일에 확인함. 
  10. Considine, G. D. et al., ACETALDEHYDE, Van Nostrand's encyclopedia of chemistry, 5th edition, Hoboken: Wiley-Interscience, 2005, pp. 5~6.
  11. 술먹고 얼굴 빨개짐 해결 방법은? 정보클럽 2021년 4월 29일
  12. Alcohol Flush Reaction 미국 알코올 남용 및 중독 연구소(영문)
  13. 化學大辭典編集委員會 편, 성용길, 김창홍 역, 《화학대사전》(Vol. 5), 서울: 世和, 2001, 710쪽.
  14. 아세트알데하이드 MSDS

외부 링크

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