분배 계수

분배 계수(partition coefficient, P) 또는 분포 계수(distribution coefficient, D)는 물상과학에서 평형 상태에서 혼합되지 않는 두 용매의 혼합물에 있는 화합물의 농도 비율이다. 따라서 이 비율은 두 액체의 용질 용해도를 비교한 것이다. 분배 계수는 일반적으로 이온화되지 않은 화합물 종의 농도 비율을 나타내는 반면, 분포 계수는 화합물의 모든 종(이온화 + 이온화되지 않음)의 농도 비율을 나타낸다.

화학 및 약학에서 두 상(phase) 모두 일반적으로 용매이다. 가장 일반적으로 용매 중 하나는 물이고 두 번째는 1-옥탄올과 같은 소수성이다. 따라서 분배 계수는 화학 물질이 얼마나 친수성("물을 좋아하는") 또는 소수성("물을 두려워하는")인지를 측정한다. 분배 계수는 신체 내 약물 분포를 추정하는 데 유용한다. 옥탄올-물 분배계수가 높은 소수성 약물은 주로 세포의 지질 이중층과 같은 소수성 영역에 분포한다. 반대로, 친수성 약물(낮은 옥탄올/물 분배 계수)은 주로 혈청과 같은 수성 영역에서 발견된다.

용매 중 하나가 기체이고 다른 하나가 액체인 경우 기체/액체 분배 계수를 결정할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 전신마취제의 혈액/가스 분배 계수는 마취제가 가스에서 혈액으로 얼마나 쉽게 전달되는지를 측정한다. 분배 계수는 상 중 하나가 고체인 경우(예: 한 상은 용융 금속이고 두 번째 상은 고체 금속인 경우) 또는 두 상이 모두 고체인 경우에도 정의할 수 있다. 물질을 고체로 분할하면 고용체가 된다.

분배계수는 다양한 방법(셰이크 플라스크, HPLC 등)으로 실험적으로 측정하거나 다양한 방법(조각 기반, 원자 기반 등)을 기반으로 계산하여 추정할 수 있다.

물질이 결합 또는 해리 (화학)로 인해 분배 시스템에서 여러 화학종으로 존재하는 경우 각 종에는 고유한 Kow 값이 할당된다. 관련 값 D는 서로 다른 종을 구별하지 않으며 단지 두 상 사이의 물질 농도 비율을 나타낸다.

같이 보기

외부 링크

  • vcclab.org. Overview of the many logP and other physical property calculators available commercially and on-line.
  • XLOGP3, a simple LogP estimater used by PubChem (release 2021.05.07)

Read other articles:

Korps Marinir Republik Tiongkok

Daftar ini belum tentu lengkap. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya. Artikel ini bukan mengenai Korps Marinir Angkatan Laut Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat, angkatan laut Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT). Korps Marinir Republik Tiongkok/Taiwan中華民國海軍陸戰隊Zhōnghuá Mínguó Hǎijūnlùzhàndùi (Mandarin Tradisional)Chûng-fà Mìn-koet Hói-kiûn-liu̍k-chan-chhui (Hakka)Lambang Korps Marinir Republik Tiongkok/TaiwanDibentukDesember 1914; 109 tahun lalu (1914-12...

 

Code of Muslim Personal Laws

1977 legislation in the Philippines For the law in India, see Muslim personal law. Code of Muslim Personal Laws Long title A Decree to Ordainand Promulgate a Code Recognizing the System of Filipino Muslim Laws, Codifying Muslim Personal Laws, and Providing for its Administration and for Other Purposes CitationPresidential Decree No. 1083, s. 1977Territorial extentPhilippinesSigned byFerdinand MarcosSignedFebruary 4, 1977CommencedFebruary 4, 1977Status: Not fully in force The Code of Musl...

 

Thousand Lakes Wilderness

Protected wilderness area in California, United States Thousand Lakes WildernessIUCN category Ib (wilderness area)LocationShasta County, California, United StatesNearest cityBurney, CaliforniaCoordinates40°42′00″N 121°35′04″W / 40.70000°N 121.58444°W / 40.70000; -121.58444Area16,335 acres (66.11 km2)Established1964Governing bodyU.S. Forest Service , Department of Agriculture The Thousand Lakes Wilderness is located within the southern portion...

Dogme 95

Danish filmmaking movement Dogme redirects here. For the language teaching method, see Dogme language teaching. Dogme 95Years active1995–2005LocationInternational, started in DenmarkMajor figuresLars von Trier, Thomas Vinterberg, Kristian Levring, Søren Kragh-Jacobsen, Jean-Marc Barr, Harmony KorineInfluencesRealism, French New WaveInfluencedMumblecore, New Puritans, Remodernist, Philippine New Wave Dogma 95 (Danish: Dogme 95) is a 1995 avant-garde filmmaking movement founded by the Danish...

 

Consigliere (mafia)

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento criminalità non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Questa voce sull'argomento criminalità è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Il consigliere o anche consig...

 

محمد بن سليمان

  هذه المقالة عن المقالة عن محمد بن سليمان الذي اشتهر بلقب فضولي البغدادي وليس عن المدينة الأذربيجانية،. لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع فضولي (مدينة). محمد بن سليمان (بالأذرية: Məhəmməd Füzuli)‏، و(بالأذرية: Məhəmməd Süleyman oğlu)‏، و(بالأذرية الجنوبية: مَحمد سلیمان اوغلو)‏  معلومات شخصية ا�...

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

Clifford Campbell

2nd governor-general of Jamaica The Most HonourableSir Clifford CampbellON GCMG GCVO KStJ2nd Governor-General of JamaicaIn office1 December 1962 – 28 February 1973MonarchElizabeth IIPrime Minister Alexander Bustamante Donald Sangster Hugh Shearer Preceded byKenneth BlackburneSucceeded byHerbert Duffus (acting) Personal detailsBornClifford Clarence Campbell(1892-06-28)28 June 1892Petersfield, JamaicaDied28 September 1991(1991-09-28) (aged 99)Political partyJamaica L...

 

Madman theory

Feature of Richard Nixon's foreign policy The theory was an important part of Nixon's foreign policy The madman theory is a political theory commonly associated with the foreign policy of U.S. President Richard Nixon and his administration, who tried to make the leaders of hostile Communist Bloc nations think Nixon was irrational and volatile so that they would avoid provoking the U.S. in fear of an unpredictable response.[1] Some international relations scholars have been skeptical o...

Ковариация

Ковариа́ция или корреляционный момент c o v ( X , Y ) {\displaystyle \mathrm {cov} (X,Y)} случайных величин — в теории вероятностей и математической статистике мера зависимости двух случайных величин. В теории вероятностей и статистике ковариация является мерой совместной изменчивости ...

 

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

 

Functional analysis

Area of mathematics This article is about an area of mathematics. For a method of study of human behavior, see Functional analysis (psychology). For a method in linguistics, see Functional analysis (linguistics). One of the possible modes of vibration of an idealized circular drum head. These modes are eigenfunctions of a linear operator on a function space, a common construction in functional analysis. Functional analysis is a branch of mathematical analysis, the core of which is formed by t...

Liu Shaoqi

Chinese politician (1898–1969) In this Chinese name, the family name is Liu. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (March 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text in...

 

Nepalese in the United Kingdom

Nepali diaspora in United Kingdom, Ethnic group Ethnic group Nepalese in the United KingdomA monument of a Nepalese Gurkha Soldier near the Ministry of Defence in LondonTotal populationNepali-born residents50,881 (2011 UK Census)Ethnic Nepali:88,461 (England and Wales only, 2021)[a][1]Regions with significant populationsLondon · South East England (Rushmoor)LanguagesEnglish · Nepali · Nepal Bhasa · Limbu · ...

 

Turk Murphy

American jazz trombonist and band leader Turk MurphyBackground informationBirth nameMelvin Edward Alton MurphyBorn(1915-12-16)December 16, 1915Palermo, California, U.S.DiedMay 30, 1987(1987-05-30) (aged 71)San Francisco, California, U.S.GenresTraditional jazz, Dixieland jazzOccupation(s)Musician, singer, bandleaderInstrument(s)TromboneLabelsVerveMusical artist Turk Murphy Lane in San Francisco Melvin Edward Alton Turk Murphy (December 16, 1915 – May 30, 1987)[1] was an American...

Al Madinah-class frigate

Saudi warship class This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Al Madinah-class frigate – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Al Madinah in 2017 Class overview NameAl Madinah class Builders Arsenal de Lorient, France CNIM, La Seyne, Fra...

 

William Faulkner

William Cuthbert FaulknerLahir25 September 1897New Albany, Mississippi, ASMeninggal6 Juli 1962Byhalia, Mississippi, ASPekerjaanNovelis; penulis cerita pendek William Cuthbert Faulkner (terlahir William Falkner; 25 September 1897 – 6 Juli 1962) adalah penulis Amerika Serikat dari Mississippi. Faulkner memenangkan Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra pada 1949. Karya terkenal Sanctuary Light in August As I Lay Dying The Wild Palms Absalom, Absalom Mosquitoes Intruder in the Dust Wikiquote memiliki ...

 

2021 Magyar Kupa final

Football match2021 Magyar Kupa FinalThe Puskás Aréna in Budapest hosted the final.Event2020–21 Magyar Kupa Fehérvár Újpest 0 1 After extra timeDate3 May 2021 (2021-05-03)VenuePuskás Aréna, BudapestRefereeGergő BogárAttendance4,500← 2020 2022 → The 2021 Magyar Kupa Final was the final match of the 2020–21 Magyar Kupa, played between Fehérvár and Újpest on 3 May 2021 at the Puskás Aréna in Budapest, Hungary.[1] Teams Team Previous finals appe...

Geography of Spain

Geography of SpainContinentEuropeRegionSouthern EuropeNorth AfricaIberian PeninsulaMacaronesiaBorders1,917.8 km (1,191.7 mi)Portugal:1,214 km (754 mi)France:623 km (387 mi)Andorra:63.7 km (39.6 mi)Morocco (Melilla): 9.6 km (5.97 mi) Morocco (Ceuta): 6.3 km (3.91 mi) Gibraltar: 1.2 km (0.75 mi)Highest pointTeide (Canary Islands) 3,718 m (12,198 ft) Mulhacén (Iberian Peninsula) 3,477 m (11,407 ft)Lowest ...

 

タコタイム

Taco Time International オレゴン州ザ・ダルズの店舗種類 非公開会社業種 レストラン事業分野 ファーストフード設立 1959年10月16日 (64年前) (1959-10-16)創業者 Ron Fraedrick本社 スコッツデール 、アメリカ合衆国 ウェブサイト tacotime.com タコタイム(Taco Time)は、アメリカ合衆国のファーストフードチェーンである。 メキシカンを中心としたメニューで[1]、アメリ�...