양자 회로

양자 회로(Quantum circuit)는 양자 정보 이론에서 고전 회로와 유사한 양자 계산을 위한 모델이다. 여기서 계산은 일련의 양자 게이트, 측정, 알려진 값으로의 큐비트 초기화 및 기타 동작이다. 양자 계산을 가능하게 하기 위해 회로가 큐비트에서 수행할 수 있어야 하는 최소 작업 집합을 디빈센조(DiVincenzo)의 기준이라고 한다.

회로는 수평축이 시간이고 왼쪽에서 시작하여 오른쪽에서 끝나도록 작성된다. 수평선은 큐비트이고, 이중선은 고전적 비트를 나타낸다. 이 선으로 연결된 항목은 측정이나 게이트와 같이 큐비트에서 수행되는 작업이다. 이 선은 이벤트의 순서를 정의하며 일반적으로 물리적 케이블이 아니다.[1][2][3]

양자 회로 요소의 그래픽 묘사는 펜로스 그래픽 표기법의 변형을 사용하여 설명된다. 리처드 파인만은 1986년에 양자 회로 표기법의 초기 버전을 사용했다.[4]

같이 보기

각주

  1. ↑ Colin P. Williams (2011). 《Explorations in Quantum Computing》. Springer. 123–200쪽. ISBN 978-1-84628-887-6. 
  2. ↑ Nielsen, Michael A.; Chuang, Isaac (2010). 《Quantum Computation and Quantum Information》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 171–215쪽. ISBN 978-1-10700-217-3. OCLC 43641333. 
  3. ↑ Ömer, Bernhard (2000년 1월 20일). 《Quantum Programming in QCL》 (PDF) (학위논문). Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology. 37–38쪽. 2021년 10월 12일에 확인함. 
  4. ↑ Feynman, Richard P. (1986). “Quantum mechanical computers”. 《Foundations of Physics》 (Springer Science and Business Media LLC) 16 (6): 507–531. Bibcode:1986FoPh...16..507F. doi:10.1007/bf01886518. ISSN 0015-9018. S2CID 122076550. 

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