광도

다른 뜻에 대해서는 광도 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.

광도(光度, luminous intensity)는 인간이 전자기파를 시각으로 인식하는 감도인 시감도에 기초하여, 광원의 밝기를 나타내는 값이다. 광도의 SI 단위는 칸델라(cd)이다.

정의

1 칸델라는 진동수 540×1012 헤르츠인 단색광[1]을 방출하는 광원이 어떤 주어진 방향으로 매 스테라디안 당 1/683 와트의 비율로 에너지를 발산할 때의 밝기로 정의된다.[2]

설명

진동수 540 × 1012 헤르츠에서 단위 입체각(스테라디안)당 1W의 전자기 에너지를 발산하는 광원의 광도는 683 칸델라가 된다.

같이 보기

각주

  1. ↑ 이는 파장으로는 555 nm로 초록색에 해당한다.
  2. ↑ NIST. “Unit of luminous intensity(candela)”. 《The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty》. 2016년 3월 1일에 확인함. The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. 
빛의 SI 단위v • d • e • h
측광량 기호 단위 기호 차원 비고
발광 에너지(luminous energy) Qv 또는 W 루멘 초 lm⋅s cd⋅sr⋅s
광선속, 광속(luminous flux) Φv 또는 P 루멘 lm cd⋅sr
광도(luminous intensity) Iv 칸델라 cd (=lm/sr) cd
휘도(luminance) Lv 칸델라 매 제곱미터 cd/m2 cd/m2
조도(illuminance) Ev 럭스 lx (=lm/m2) cd⋅sr/m2
광출사도, 광속발산도(luminous emittance, luminous exitance) Mv 럭스 lx (=lm/m2) cd⋅sr/m2
(방사의) 발광효율(luminous efficacy of radiation) K 루멘 매 와트 lm/W cd⋅kg-1⋅m-1⋅s4 전자기 방사에 대한 광선속 양의 비율. 파장의 비시감도에 따라 달라지는데 최대치는 파장 555nm에서 683 lm/W이다.
(광원의) 발광효율(luminous efficacy of a source) η 루멘 매 와트 lm/W cd⋅kg-1⋅m-1⋅s4 전등효율이라고도 하며, 어떤 광원에서 1W의 소비전력에 따라 발생하는 광선속 양의 비를 나타낸다. 이론적 최대치는 비시감도에 따라 파장별로 상이하고 파장 555nm에서 683 lm/W의 최대값을 가지나 실제로는 이보다 낮다.
이 글은 물리학에 관한 토막글입니다. 여러분의 지식으로 알차게 문서를 완성해 갑시다.

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