ラクシュミー

ラクシュミー
美・富・豊穣・幸運の女神
ラクシュミー
ラヴィ・ヴァルマの1848年と1906年の間の絵画『ラクシュミー』
デーヴァナーガリー लक्ष्मी
サンスクリット Lakṣmī
位置づけ デーヴィートリデーヴィー
住処 ヴァイクンタ英語版
シンボル 水蓮、金貨
配偶神 ヴィシュヌ
兄弟 アラクシュミー
子供 ナラカースラ英語版
ヴァーハナ 紅い蓮華
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ラクシュミー: लक्ष्मीLakṣmī)は、ヒンドゥー教女神の一柱で、豊穣幸運を司る。

容姿

蓮華の目と蓮華の色をした肌を持ち、蓮華の衣を纏っている。4本の腕を持ち、持物は水蓮。一部画像では貯金箱を持ち、彼女の手から金貨が溢れ出ている。水に浮かんだ紅い蓮華の上に乗った姿で描かれる。

神話

乳海攪拌の際に誕生した。ヒンドゥー教の最高神の1人ヴィシュヌの妻とされており、数多くあるヴィシュヌの化身と共に、ラクシュミーも対応する姿・別名を持っている。幸運を司るため、移り気な性格であるともいわれる。ラクシュミーが誕生した時、アスラたちが彼女を手に入れようとしたが、失敗に終わった。あるアスラはラクシュミーを捕まえることに成功し、頭の上に乗せたが、その途端に逃げられた。かつてはインドラと共にいたこともあったが、インドラでさえラクシュミーを自分の元に留めておくためには、彼女を4つの部分に分けなければならなかったという。

なお、ラクシュミーはアラクシュミーという不幸を司る女神を姉に持つともされ、ヴィシュヌの妻になる際に「私があなたの妻になる条件として姉にも配偶者を付けるように」とヴィシュヌに請願し、ある聖仙(リシ)とアラクシュミーを結婚させ、晴れてヴィシュヌとラクシュミーは一緒になったという神話も一方で残っている。

信仰

10月末から11月初めのインド暦の第7番目の月における初めの日「ディワーリ」(दिवाली, diwāli/दीपावली, Dīpāvalī)は、ラクシュミーを祝うお祭りである。

仏教にも取り込まれて吉祥天と呼ばれている。福徳安楽を恵み仏法を護持する天女とされる。また、弁才天(サラスヴァティー)と混同される場合がある。

別名

  • シュリーश्री, Śrī) - 吉祥。
  • パドマーヴァティーपद्मावती, Padmāvatī) - 蓮を持つ女性。
  • チャンチャラ (चञ्चलCañcala) - 幸運の女神。

ラクシュミーを扱った画像

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