ケフェウス座RU星

ケフェウス座RU星
RU Cephei
星座 ケフェウス座
見かけの等級 (mv) 8.2 - 9.1[1]
変光星型 SR[2]
位置
元期:J2000.0
赤経 (RA, α)  01h 21m 11.8547120543s[3]
赤緯 (Dec, δ) +85° 07′ 55.671483597″[3]
視線速度 (Rv) -10.0 km/s[3]
固有運動 (μ) 赤経: 7.122 ミリ秒/年[3]
赤緯: 8.013 ミリ秒/年[3]
年周視差 (π) 0.7398 ± 0.0289ミリ秒[3]
（誤差3.9%）
距離 4400 ± 200 光年[注 1]
（1350 ± 50 パーセク[注 1]）
物理的性質
表面重力 0.002 G[4][注 2]
スペクトル分類 M0 IIIvar[5]
光度 219.36 L☉[6]
表面温度 3,719 K[6]
金属量[Fe/H] -1.0[4]
他のカタログでの名称
BD+84 19, HIP 6325, SAO 220
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ケフェウス座RU星（ケフェウスざRUせい、RU Cephei、RU Cep）は、ケフェウス座の脈動変光星である。

発見

ケフェウス座RU星が変光星であることは、セルゲイ・ブラツコとリディア・ツェラスキー（英語版）が撮影した一連の写真から、1906年に発見された[7]。

特徴

ケフェウス座RU星は、109日の周期で比較的規則的な変光を示す半規則型変光星である[2][8]。変光範囲は、アメリカ変光星観測者協会によれば8.2等から9.1等の間とされる[1]。ヒッパルコス衛星の大量のデータによって変光特性の決定精度が向上し、変光星総合カタログにおいてはヒッパルコス等級で8.40等から8.99等の間で変光するとしている[8][2]。

ケフェウス座RU星は、変光に伴ってスペクトル型が変化する変光星である。かつてはK0型やK2型、場合によってはG6型と報告された[9][注 3]。これを踏まえて、ケフェウス座RU星は半規則型変光星の中でも黄色巨星、黄色超巨星が分類されるSRD型とされていた[11][12][13]。その後の観測によってM型から晩期K型の間で変化するということがわかってきた[14]。典型的にはM型星であるとされ、変光星総合カタログでの分類もSR型となっている[15][5][2]。

名称

「ケフェウス座RU星」という名称は、変光星の命名規則に従って付与されたもので、ケフェウス座で13番目の変光星であることを意味する。ボン掃天星表での番号はBD+84°19[3]。

脚注

[脚注の使い方]

注釈

  1. ^ a b パーセクは1 ÷ 年周視差（秒）より計算、光年は1÷年周視差（秒）×3.2615638より計算
  2. ^ 出典での表記は、
  3. ^ 東京天文台（現・国立天文台）の技官を務めた下保茂は、ケフェウス座RU星を変光に伴いスペクトル型がG6-K2の間を変化する黄色巨星としている[10]。

出典

  1. ^ a b “VSX: Detail for RU Cep”. The International Variable Star Index. AAVSO (2015年12月29日). 2020年4月1日閲覧。
  2. ^ a b c d Samus, N. N.; et al. (2009-01), “General Catalogue of Variable Stars”, VizieR On-line Data Catalog:B/gcvs, Bibcode: 2009yCat....102025S 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g “RU Cep -- Long-period variable star”. SIMBAD. CDS. 2020年4月1日閲覧。
  4. ^ a b Dawson, D. W. (1979-09), “A photometric investigation of RV Tauri and yellow semiregular variables”, Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 41: 97-117, Bibcode: 1979ApJS...41...97D, doi:10.1086/190610 
  5. ^ a b Koen, Chris; Eyer, Laurent (2002-03), “New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 331 (1): 45-59, Bibcode: 2002MNRAS.331...45K, doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05150.x 
  6. ^ a b McDonald, I.; Zijlstra, A. A.; Boyer, M. L. (2012-11), “Fundamental parameters and infrared excesses of Hipparcos stars”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427 (1): 343-357, Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.427..343M, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x 
  7. ^ Ceraski, W. (1906-03), “Deux nouvelles variables 31 et 32.1906 Cephei”, Astronomische Nachrichten 170: 385-386, Bibcode: 1906AN....170..385C 
  8. ^ a b Percy, John R.; Kolin, David L. (2000-08), “Studies of Yellow Semiregular (SRd) Variables”, Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers 28 (1): 1-9, Bibcode: 2000JAVSO..28....1P 
  9. ^ Joy, Alfred H. (1952-01), “The Semiregular Variable Stars of the RV Tauri and Related Classes”, Astrophysical Journal 115: 25-41, Bibcode: 1952ApJ...115...25J, doi:10.1086/145506 
  10. ^ 下保, 茂『変光星の観測』 11巻、恒星社厚生閣〈天体観測シリーズ〉、1970年2月25日、26頁。 
  11. ^ Mantegazza, L. (1984-06), “Factor analysis of the DDO colours of RV Tauri and SRd stars”, Astronomy & Astrophysics 135: 300-308, Bibcode: 1984A&A...135..300M 
  12. ^ 清田誠一郎「変光星ガイド・4月」、『天文ガイド』（1986年4月号）、誠文堂新光社 p. 134
  13. ^ 渡辺努「OBSERVER'S GUIDE 変光星」、『月刊天文』（2002年11月号）、地人書館 p. 98
  14. ^ Azusienis, A.; Kakaras, G. (1963), “The spectrophotometry of RU Cep in the yellow-red spectral region”, Vilnius Astronomijos Observatorijos Biuletenis 8: 1-17, Bibcode: 1963VilOB...8....1A 
  15. ^ Bartkevicius, A.; Tautvaisiene, G. (1987), “Three-dimensional classification of 78 metal-deficient giants in the Vinius photometric system”, Vilnius Astronomijos Observatorijos Biuletenis 76: 3-7, Bibcode: 1987VilOB..76....3B 

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