Welsh Not（ウェルシュ・ノット、Welsh Note）は、19世紀にいくつかの学校でウェールズ語を話した子供の首に掛けられていた、WNと刻まれた木の板、もしくは石の板[1]。ウェールズ語を話しているのを聞かれた子供にはこのnotが与えられ、その子は別のウェールズ語を話しているのを聞かれた子供にそれを渡していた。その日が終わるまでにnotを掛けられた人は体罰を受けた[1]。当時、一部では英語が教授言語としてふさわしい唯一の言語であると考えられており、notは生徒たちがウェールズ語を話さないようにすることを目的としていた。
notの使用は18世紀には記録されている。一般には'cwstom'つまりWelsh stickやWelsh lead[2]として知られる。この慣例は1847年、Reports of the commissioners of enquiry into the state of education in Walesにおいて言及されている。ウェールズの文化の多くの面を大いに批判しているが、そのnotを用いる慣例の存在を恣意的で残酷だと述べている調査官もいた。レポートではこの慣例を支持していなかった。レポートではまた、ウェールズにおける多くの教育がまだウェールズ語で行われていたことを明らかに示している。19世紀の終わりの何十年間は教育は義務的だったが、Welsh notが使われているのは少しの学校にすぎなかった。教育委員会がLocal Government Act 1888（地方議会法1888）に従って州議会に吸収された後、小学校におけるウェールズ語での教育はウェールズ語が話されている地域では標準となった[3]。教育がほとんど例外なく英語だった中学校でnotが使われたという形跡はない。
Taiwanese electronics company Gigabyte TechnologyHeadquartersNative name技嘉科技TypeSubsidiaryTraded asTWSE: 2376IndustryComputer hardwareConsumer electronicsFounded30 April 1986; 37 years ago (1986-04-30)FounderPei-Chen YehHeadquartersXindian District, New Taipei City, TaiwanCity of Industry, CaliforniaUnited StatesArea servedWorldwideKey peoplePei-Cheng Yeh (Chairman)Ming-Hsiung Liu (CEO)Products Personal computers Motherboards Graphics cards Power supply unit PC componen…
Захарій Чепіга Захарій ЧепігаПсевдо Харитон Куліш, ХаркоНародився 1725Бортки, тепер Чернігівська областьПомер 14 січня 1797Катеринодар·хворобаНаціональність українецьДіяльність військовийУчасник Російсько-турецька війнаСуспільний стан козакПосада кошовий отаманВійськ…
Kecelakaan Tu-154 Angkatan Udara Polandia 2010Bagian pesawat dekat SmolenskRingkasan kecelakaanTanggal10 April 2010 (2010-04-10)[1]RingkasanDalam penyelidikan, diduga kesalahan pilot[1]LokasiBandara Utara Smolensk[2] 54°49′26.02″N 32°3′4.54″E / 54.8238944°N 32.0512611°E / 54.8238944; 32.0512611Koordinat: 54°49′26.02″N 32°3′4.54″E / 54.8238944°N 32.0512611°E / 54.8238944; 32.0512611Penumpang89Awak…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pritchard. Cet article est une ébauche concernant un joueur gallois de rugby à XV. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Cliff Pritchard Fiche d'identité Nom complet Clifford Charles Pritchard Naissance 1er octobre 1881à Pontypool (Pays de Galles) Décès 14 décembre 1954 (à 73 ans)à Pontypool (Pays de Galles) Poste Centre Carrière en senior PériodeÉquipeM (…
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع مؤشر (توضيح). هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يناير 2016) مؤشر الجهد السكري هو رقم يستخدم لمعرفة تأثير بعض الأطعمة على نسبة السكر في الدم. الرقم يتراوح بين 50 – 100 حيث أن 100 تمثل المع…
Artex Logo (2019) Artex Ltd. is an English-based manufacturer of building materials. History Artex was started in 1935, with the name Artex coming from “Asbestos Reinforced TEXtured Coating”.[1] Artex became part of the BPB Group of companies in 1966.[2] It merged with Blue Hawk sometime in 1997. Blue Hawk had been bought by the BPB Group in 1972. BPB was in turn purchased by Saint-Gobain, a large building products company based in France in November 2005.[3] Brands I…
South African Radio League (SARL) Rechtsform Non-Profit-Organisation Sitz Johannesburg Gründung 1925 Ort Radiokop, Johannesburg Präsident Nico van Rensburg, ZS6QL[1] Website www.sarl.org.za Die South African Radio League (SARL), deutsch „Südafrikanischer Amateurfunkverband“, ist die nationale Vereinigung der Funkamateure in der Republik Südafrika. Geschichte Bereits kurz nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg wurde die Transvaal Radio Society („Funkgesellschaft Transvaal“) gegr…
Pemisahanan tinta hitam dengan kromatografi lapis tipislbs KLT tiga standard (isomer orto-, meta-, dan para-) dan sebuah sampel Kromatografi lapisan tipis (KLT) adalah suatu teknik kromatografi yang digunakan untuk memisahkan campuran yang tidak volatil.[1] Kromatografi lapisan tipis dilakukan pada selembar kaca, plastik, atau aluminium foil yang dilapisi dengan lapisan tipis bahan adsorben, biasanya silika gel, aluminium oksida, atau selulosa. Lapisan tipis adsorben diketahui sebagai fa…
1947 film RumoursDirected byJacques DaroyWritten bySimon GantillonProduced byPaul ClaudonStarringJacques Dumesnil Jany Holt Roger KarlCinematographyMaurice BarryEdited byMadeleine BagiauMusic byJacques DupontProductioncompaniesC.A.P.A.C. CosmoramaRelease date26 March 1947Running time90 minutesCountryFranceLanguageFrench Rumours (French: Rumeurs) is a 1947 French crime drama film directed by Jacques Daroy and starring Jacques Dumesnil, Jany Holt and Roger Karl.[1] The film's sets were des…
See also: Kartno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship Village in Lubusz Voivodeship, PolandKartnoVillageKartnoCoordinates: 51°57′N 15°50′E / 51.950°N 15.833°E / 51.950; 15.833Country PolandVoivodeshipLubuszCountyZielona GóraGminaBojadła Kartno [ˈkartnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bojadła, within Zielona Góra County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland.[1] It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) east of Bojadła and 23&…
Youth news site published by Tab Media Ltd. For other uses, see Tab (disambiguation). The TabTypeNews siteFormatOnlineOwner(s)Tab Media LtdFounder(s)George Marangos-Gilks, Jack Rivlin, Taymoor AtighetchiEditorGrace VielmaFoundedJune 2009; 14 years ago (2009-06)HeadquartersLondon, England, United KingdomWebsitethetab.com The Tab is a tabloid-style youth news site, published by Tab Media Ltd. It was launched at the University of Cambridge and has since expanded to over 80 un…
Esta lista de crateras de impacto na Terra inclui as crateras de impacto mais notáveis confirmadas listadas na Base de Dados de Impactos na Terra. Estas crateras foram causadas devido à colisão de grandes meteoritos ou cometas com a Terra. O estudo realizado na Universidade de Freiburg, na Alemanha, mostra que o nosso planeta tem 128 crateras de impacto maiores de seis quilômetros de diâmetro[1]. No caso das crateras erodidas ou enterradas, o diâmetro indicado corresponde ao estimado origi…
State RICO case against Trump, Giuliani and others State of Georgia v. Trump, et al.CourtFulton County Superior CourtFull case nameThe State of Georgia v. Donald J. Trump, et al. Charge List of charges Violation of the Georgia RICO Act Solicitation of violation of oath by public officer False statements and writings Conspiracy to commit false statements and writings Criminal attempt to commit false statements and writings Impersonating a public officer Conspiracy to commit impersonating a public…
Versi cetak turun takhta dari Francis II, Kaisar Romawi Suci Pembubaran Kekaisaran Romawi Suci secara de facto terjadi pada 6 Agustus 1806, ketika Kaisar Francis II melepas gelarnya dan membebaskan semua negara dan para pejabat kekaisaran dari sumpah dan kewajiban mereka kepada kekaisaran. Meskipun abdikasi ini dianggap sah, tidak demikian halnya dengan pemutusan ikatan kekaisaran dan beberapa negara menolak mengakui berakhirnya kekaisaran pada saat itu.[1] Dengan kemenangannya atas Aust…
Meat from dogs used as food This article is about human consumption of dog flesh and parts. For meat eaten by dogs themselves, see dog food. For the character in the Fallout series of video games, see Dogmeat (Fallout). Dog meatVarious cuts of dog meatNutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)Energy1,096 kJ (262 kcal)Carbohydrates0.1 gDietary fiber0 g Fat20.2 g Protein19 g VitaminsQuantity %DV†Vitamin A equiv.0% 3.6 μgThiamine (B1)10% 0.12 mgRiboflavin (B2)15% 0.18 mgNiacin (B3)…
Taub MumuAlbum studio karya Marcello TahitoeDirilis14 Maret 2012Direkam2011-2012GenrePop, rockLabelSony Music Entertainment IndonesiaSwara Sangkar EmasKronologi Marcello Tahitoe Realistis/Idealis(2009)Realistis/Idealis2009 Taub Mumu (2012) Jalur Alternatif(2016)Jalur Alternatif2016 Taub Mumu merupakan album musik ketiga karya Marcello Tahitoe. Dirilis pada tahun 2012. Lagu utamanya ialah Yang Ku Nanti dijadikan lagu tema sinetron televisi Cinta Salsabilla dan Gak Kayak Mantanmu. Berbeda dari…
British statesman (1792–1861) The Right HonourableSir James GrahamGCB Bt PCHome SecretaryIn office6 September 1841 – 30 June 1846MonarchVictoriaPrime MinisterSir Robert PeelPreceded byThe Marquess of NormanbySucceeded bySir George GreyFirst Lord of the AdmiraltyIn office22 November 1830 – 7 June 1834MonarchWilliam IVPrime MinisterThe Earl GreyPreceded byThe Viscount MelvilleSucceeded byThe Lord AucklandIn office30 December 1852 – 13 March 1855MonarchVic…
1939 film by Sam Newfield This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Code of the Cactus – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Code of the CactusLobby cardDirected bySam NewfieldWritten byEdward Halperin (original story)Edward Halperin …
Novel by Lincoln Child The Third Gate Hardcover 1st editionAuthorLincoln ChildCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishSeriesJeremy LoganGenreThrillerPublisherDoubledayPublication dateJune 12, 2012Media typePrint, e-book, audiobookPages320 pp.ISBN978-0385531382Preceded byTerminal Freeze Followed byThe Forgotten Room The Third Gate is the fifth solo novel by American writer Lincoln Child. The novel was released on June 12, 2012 by Doubleday.[1][2] The book is a…
1993 French filmSmoking/No SmokingDirected byAlain ResnaisWritten byAgnès JaouiJean-Pierre BacriProduced byBruno PéseryMichel SeydouxStarringPierre ArditiSabine AzémaNarrated byPeter HudsonCinematographyRenato BertaEdited byAlbert JurgensonMusic byJohn PattisonDistributed byPyramide DistributionRelease date 15 December 1993 (1993-12-15) Running time298 minutesCountryFranceLanguageFrench Smoking/No Smoking is a 1993 French comedy film. It was directed by Alain Resnais and writte…
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