不快指数

不快指数（ふかいしすう、英: discomfort index または temperature-humidity index, THI^[1]）とは夏の蒸し暑さを数量的に表した指数で、温熱指標の一つ^[2]。Discomfort index は Earl Crabill Thom が1957年に発表した^[3]^[4]。類似した指標は多数ある^[5]。

定義

不快指数の求め方には何通りかある。

Earl Crabill Thom の定義（Thom's Discomfort Index）^[6]

0.4 × (乾球摂氏温度 + 湿球摂氏温度) + 4.8

日本で使われている定義（Temperature-Humidity Index）^[7]

0.4 × (乾球華氏温度 + 湿球華氏温度) + 15^[1]

華氏（℉）を摂氏（℃）に置き換えた物: 0.72 × (乾球摂氏温度 + 湿球摂氏温度) + 40.6

湿度を使用する場合、乾球温度（=気温）を

T_{d}

（°C）、湿度を

H

（%）とすると、

0.81T_{d}+0.01H(0.99T_{d}-14.3)+46.3\,

で計算される^[8]。例えば、気温27°C・湿度55%で不快指数75であり、気温29°C・湿度70%で不快指数80である。

以下、不快指数とその感じ方を示す^[9]。

不快指数	体感
〜50	寒くてたまらない
50〜55	寒い
55〜60	肌寒い
60〜65	何も感じない
65〜70	快適
70〜75	不快感を持つ人が出始める
75〜80	半数以上が不快に感じる
80〜85	全員が不快に感じる
85〜	暑くてたまらない

		気温 (℃)
		25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45
湿度 (%)	0	66	67	68	68	69	70	71	72	73	73	74	75	76	77	77	78	79	80	81	81	82
	5	67	67	68	69	70	71	72	73	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	79	80	81	82	83	84
	10	67	68	69	70	71	72	73	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	83	84	85
	15	68	69	70	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87
	20	68	69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88
	25	69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	85	86	87	88	89	90
	30	69	70	71	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	84	85	86	87	88	89	90	91
	35	70	71	72	73	74	75	77	78	79	80	81	82	84	85	86	87	88	89	91	92	93
	40	70	71	73	74	75	76	77	79	80	81	82	83	85	86	87	88	90	91	92	93	94
	45	71	72	73	75	76	77	78	80	81	82	83	85	86	87	88	90	91	92	93
	50	71	73	74	75	76	78	79	80	82	83	84	86	87	88	90	91	92	93
	55	72	73	75	76	77	79	80	81	83	84	85	87	88	89	91	92	93
	60	72	74	75	77	78	79	81	82	84	85	86	88	89	91	92	93
	65	73	74	76	77	79	80	82	83	84	86	87	89	90	92	93
	70	73	75	76	78	79	81	82	84	85	87	88	90	91	93	94
	75	74	75	77	79	80	82	83	85	86	88	89	91	93	94
	80	74	76	78	79	81	82	84	86	87	89	90	92	94
	85	75	77	78	80	82	83	85	86	88	90	91	93
	90	75	77	79	81	82	84	86	87	89	91	92	94
	95	76	78	79	81	83	85	86	88	90	92	93
	100	77	78	80	82	84	86	87	89	91	93

不快日数

一か月間の不快指数75以上の日数を不快日数という。

利用

計算が簡単であることから、日本でも夏季の気象を示す値として利用されている^[10]。

不快指数と体感

日本人の場合、不快指数が85になると93%の人が暑さによる不快を感じるとされている^[11]。なお、体感の暑さは、気温と湿度のほか日射や風の影響も受けるため、不快指数は必ずしも体感とは一致しない^[10]。この議論は Earl Crabill Thom の発表当初からある^[12]。

脚注

^ ^a ^b Temperature–humidity index | meteorological measurement | Britannica.com
^ よくある質問環境省熱中症予防情報サイト
^ Thom, Earl Crabill (1957). “A new concept for cooling degree days”. U.S. Weather Bureau.
^ Thom, Earl Crabill (1959). “The Discomfort Index.”. Weatherwise 12: 57-60. doi:10.1080/00431672.1959.9926960.
^ Review Article Thermal Comfort and the Heat Stress Indices (2006)
^ The Discomfort-Index in Thessaloniki, Greece | SpringerLink
^ 不快指数 - tenki用語辞典 - 日本気象協会 tenki.jp
^ 木内 2001, p. 669.
^ “富山県における地球温暖化に関する調査研究富山県内における不快指数の変化” (PDF). 源将, 初鹿宏壮, 相部美佐緒, 近藤隆之. 2021年7月5日閲覧。
^ ^a ^b 木内 2001, p. 662.
^ 不快指数って何ですか?（気象庁、2017年8月25日閲覧。）
^ Discomfort Index | Science

参考文献

木内豪「屋外空間における温冷感指標に関する研究」（PDF）『天気』第48巻第9号、2001年、661-671頁。

Read other articles:

Ashley Liao

Ashley LiaoAshley Liao, 2016Lahir21 Oktober 2001 (umur 22)[1]Orange County, California, A.S.PekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif2014–sekarang Ashley Liao (lahir 21 Oktober 2001) adalah seorang aktris asal Amerika. Dia memulai karirnya sebagai aktris cilik dalam serial Fuller House, Fresh Off the Boat, dan The Kicks. Sejak itu dia secara teratur muncul di berbagai film seperti Secret Society of Second-Born Royals dan Physical.[2] Referensi ^ Hudson, Shawna (February 8, 2017)...

European dark bee

Subspecies of honey bee Apis mellifera mellifera Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Hymenoptera Family: Apidae Genus: Apis Species: A. mellifera Subspecies: A. m. mellifera Trinomial name Apis mellifera melliferaLinnaeus, 1758[1] Synonyms[2] Apis mellifica germanica (Pollmann 1879) Apis mellifica nigrita (Lucas 1882) Apis mellifica mellifica variety lehzeni (Buttel-Reepen 1906) Apis mellifica mellifi...

Ranunculus glacialis

Come leggere il tassoboxRanuncolo glaciale Ranunculus glacialis Stato di conservazione Specie non valutata Classificazione APG IV Dominio Eukaryota Regno Plantae (clade) Angiosperme (clade) Mesangiosperme (clade) Eudicotiledoni (clade) Eudicotiledoni basali Ordine Ranunculales Famiglia Ranunculaceae Sottofamiglia Ranunculoideae Tribù Ranunculeae Genere Ranunculus Specie R. glacialis Classificazione Cronquist Dominio Eukaryota Regno Plantae Sottoregno Tracheobionta Superdivisione Spermatophy...

Gabriel Milito

Argentine footballer Gabriel Milito Milito coaching Estudiantes in 2015Personal informationFull name Gabriel Alejandro Milito[1]Date of birth (1980-09-07) 7 September 1980 (age 43)[2]Place of birth Bernal, ArgentinaHeight 1.77 m (5 ft 9+1⁄2 in)[2]Position(s) Centre-backTeam informationCurrent team Atlético Mineiro (head coach)Youth career IndependienteSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1997–2003 Independiente 123 (3)2003–2007 Zaragoza 137...

Carlo Cesi

Carlo CesiNaissance 17 avril 1622 ou 17 avril 1625AntrodocoDécès 6 janvier 1682 ou 6 janvier 1686RietiActivités Peintre, artiste graphique, graveur, artiste visuelLieu de travail Rome (1645-1686)modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata Carlo Cesi, parfois appelé Carlo Cesio, né à Antrodoco le 17 avril 1622 et mort à Rieti le 6 janvier 1682 (à 59 ans)[1] est un graveur et peintre italien actif au XVIIe siècle. Biographie Carlo Cesi, fils de Pietro, originaire de Todi,...

Marie Françoise de Bragance

Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources (août 2019). Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les références utiles à sa vérifiabilité et en les liant à la section « Notes et références ». En pratique : Quelles sources sont attendues ? Com...

Фильм ужасов

Обложка DVD-диска с изображением персонажей классических фильмов ужасов, созданных Universal Pictures: Эльза Ланчестер из «Невесты Франкенштейна» (1935), Клод Рейнс из «Человека-невидимки» (1933), Бела Лугоши из «Дракулы» (1931), Клод Рейнс из «Призрака Оперы» (1943), «Тварь» из фильма «Твар�...

Divine Comedy Illustrated by Botticelli

Manuscript of Dante's Divine Comedy illustrated by Sandro Botticelli Divine Comedy Illustrated by BotticelliThe Map of Hell painting by Botticelli is one of the extant ninety-two drawings that were originally included in the illustrated manuscript of Dante's Divine ComedyArtistSandro BotticelliYearmid-1480s-mid-1490s[1] Canto XVIII, part of the 8th circle of Hell. Dante and Virgil are each shown 6 times, descending through the 10 chasms of the circle via a ridge. One of only 4 fully c...

Drayton Valley

Town in Alberta, CanadaDrayton ValleyTownTown of Drayton ValleyDrayton Valley panoramaMotto: Pulling togetherDrayton ValleyLocation of Drayton Valley in AlbertaCoordinates: 53°13′20″N 114°58′37″W / 53.22222°N 114.97694°W / 53.22222; -114.97694CountryCanadaProvinceAlbertaRegionCentral AlbertaCensus division11Municipal districtBrazeau CountyIncorporated[1] • VillageJanuary 1, 1956 • New townJune 1, 1956 • ...

2020年夏季奧林匹克運動會波蘭代表團

2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会波兰代表團波兰国旗IOC編碼POLNOC波蘭奧林匹克委員會網站olimpijski.pl（英文）（波兰文）2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会（東京）2021年7月23日至8月8日（受2019冠状病毒病疫情影响推迟，但仍保留原定名称）運動員206參賽項目24个大项旗手开幕式：帕维尔·科热尼奥夫斯基（游泳）和马娅·沃什乔夫斯卡（自行车）[1]闭幕式：卡罗利娜·纳亚（皮划艇）&#...

عاقر

عاقر عاقر قضاء الرملة إحداثيات 31°51′34″N 34°49′15″E / 31.85944°N 34.82083°E / 31.85944; 34.82083 السكان 5000 (1948) المساحة 11,825 دونم تاريخ التهجير 4 مايو 1948 سبب التهجير هجوم عسكري من قبل قوات اليشوب المستعمرات الحالية كريات عقرون [الإنجليزية]، مزكريت بتيا [الإنجليزية]، جني يوحنان [الإ...

Helen Stuart Campbell

American writer, academic, social reformer, and home economist Helen Stuart CampbellA Woman of the CenturyBornHelen Campbell Stuart(1839-07-05)July 5, 1839Lockport, New York, U.S.DiedJuly 2, 1918(1918-07-02) (aged 78)Dedham, Massachusetts, U.S.Resting placeEliot, Maine, U.S.Pen nameHelen Weeks, Helen Campbell, Helen WheatonOccupation Author editor social reformer home economist LanguageEnglishNationalityAmericanAlma materMrs. Cook's seminary, Bloomington, New JerseyLiterary movement...

Jewish fundamentalism

Jewish anti-modernist movements based on biblical literalism This article is part of a series onConservatism in Israel Ideologies Conservative Judaism Jewish conservatism Jewish fundamentalism Kahanism Religious conservatism Zionism Neo Religious Revisionist Principles Agrarianism Ancestral worship Anti-Arabism Anti-Palestinianism Anti-Iranian sentiment Anti-Islamism Islamophobia Authority Clericalism Familialism Irredentism Greater Israel Jewish culture Jewish state Halachic state Jewi...

New Hampshire State Police

State Police of New Hampshire This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: New Hampshire State Police – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Law enforcement agency New Hampshire State PolicePatch of New Hampshire State PoliceAbbreviationNHSPA...

Gamla stan (Stockholms tunnelbana)

Gamla stanStasiun Stockholms tunnelbanaKoordinat59°19′22″N 18°4′3″E / 59.32278°N 18.06750°E / 59.32278; 18.06750PemilikStorstockholms LokaltrafikSejarahDibuka24 November 1957Operasi layanan Stasiun sebelumnya Stockholms tunnelbana Stasiun berikutnya Slussen Norsborg Jalur T13T-Centralen Ropsten Slussen Fruängen Jalur T14T-Centralen Mörby centrum T-Centralen Åkeshov, Vällingby atau Hässelby strand Jalur T17Slussen Skarpnäck Terminus [[{{{...

Nathan Lane

Nathan LaneLahirJoseph LanePekerjaanAktorTahun aktif1975–sekarang Joseph “Nathan” Lane (lahir 3 Februari 1956) merupakan seorang aktor berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat yang memenangkan nominasi Tony Award dan Emmy Award. Dia dilahirkan di Jersey City, New Jersey. Dia berkarier di dunia film sejak tahun 1975. Filmografi Ironweed (1987) sebagai Harold Allen The Lemon Sisters (1990) sebagai Charlie Sorrell Joe Versus the Volcano (1990) sebagai Baw, Waponi Advance Man He Said, She Said (...

Belut sawah

Belut sawah Status konservasi Risiko Rendah (IUCN 3.1) Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Chordata Kelas: Actinopterygii Ordo: Synbranchiformes Famili: Synbranchidae Genus: Monopterus Spesies: M. albus Nama binomial Monopterus albusZuiew, 1793 Sinonim Fluta alba (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) Belut sawah, mua, atau lindung (Monopterus albus) adalah sejenis ikan anggota suku Synbranchidae, bangsa Synbranchiformes. Ikan ini merupakan jenis asli yang biasa dikonsumsi di Asia T...

2002 United States House of Representatives elections

House elections for the 108th U.S. Congress For related races, see 2002 United States elections. 2002 United States House of Representatives elections ← 2000 November 5, 2002 2004 → ← outgoing memberselected members →All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives218 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Leader Dennis Hastert Dick Gephardt(retired as leader) Party Republican Democratic Leader since ...

Ahmedabad Junction railway station

Railway station in Gujarat, India Ahmedabad JunctionAmdavad Junction Express train and Passenger train stationGeneral informationLocationKalupur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat IndiaCoordinates23°01′35″N 72°36′07″E / 23.026265°N 72.601902°E / 23.026265; 72.601902Elevation52.500 metres (172.24 ft)Owned byIndian RailwaysOperated byWestern RailwaysLine(s)Ahmedabad–Mumbai main line,Ahmedabad–Delhi main line,Ahmedabad–Gandhinagar Capital section,Ahmedabad–...

Brownies (film)

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Brownis. BrowniesSutradaraHanung BramantyoProduserLeo SutantoSkenario Hanung Bramantyo Salman Aristo Eric Sasono Cerita Salman Aristo Lina Nurmalina Pemeran Marcella Zalianty Bucek Phillip Yusuf Penata musikDewa BudjanaSinematograferTommy JepangPenyuntingCesa David LuckmansyahPerusahaanproduksiSinemArt PicturesTanggal rilis 9 Desember 2004 (2004-12-09) (Indonesia) Durasi108 menitNegaraIndonesiaBahasaBahasa Indonesia Penghargaan Festival Film Indonesia...

PROFILPELAJAR.COM