デキストロアンフェタミン

IUPAC命名法による物質名
臨床データ
発音 [ˌdɛkstræmˈfɛtəmn]
販売名 Dexedrine, DextroStat, Metamina, Attentin, Zenzedi, others
Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a605027
ライセンス US FDA:リンク
胎児危険度分類
法的規制
依存性 Moderate-high[1][2]
嗜癖傾向 Moderate-high[1][2]
薬物動態データ
生物学的利用能経口: 75–100%[3]
血漿タンパク結合15–40%[4]
代謝CYP2D6[5], DBH[6], FMO3[7]
作用発現英語版IR dosing: 0.5–1.5 hours[8]
半減期9–11 hours[5][9]
pH-dependent: 7–34 hours[10]
作用持続時間IR dosing: 3–6 hours[11]
XR dosing: 8–12 hours[2][11]
排泄Kidney (45%);[12] urinary pH-dependent
データベースID
別名 D-amphetamine, dexamfetamine, dexamphetamine, (S)-amphetamine, (+)-amphetamine, dexamfetamine sulfate
化学的データ
化学式C9H13N
分子量135.21 g·mol−1
物理的データ
密度0.913 g/cm3
沸点201.5 °C (394.7 °F)
水への溶解量20 mg/mL (20 °C)
テンプレートを表示

デキストロアンフェタミン: DextroamphetamineD-AMP)、または、デキサアンフェタミン: dexamfetamine)は、注意欠陥・多動性障害(ADHD)やナルコレプシーの治療に用いられる薬剤である[13]。短期間の肥満治療にも使用されることがあったが、肥満への使用は推奨されなくなった[14]。投与法は経口である[13]。仕事、運動、軍隊などでの能力向上に用いられることもあった[15]

一般的な副作用には、腹痛、睡眠障害、動悸、高血圧、不安、震え、下痢などがあげられる[14]。その他の副作用には、心筋症、虐待、精神病、攻撃性、発作などがあげられる[14]。妊娠中の服用は未熟児を出産することがある[14]。デキストロアンフェタミンは中枢神経系(CNS)の精神刺激薬でありアンフェタミン異性体である[14]

デキストロアンフェタミンが医療薬として用いられるようになったのは1937年からである[16]後発医薬品として入手できる[13]。2021年の英国の国民保健サービスにかかる費用は20mgの錠剤30錠で80ポンドほどである[13]。米国では同じ量で60米ドルほどかかる[17]。米国では規制物質法スケジュールIIに定められている[18]

出典

  1. ^ a b “Amphetamine (D,L)”. Prescriber's Guide: Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology (6th ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. (March 2017). pp. 45–51. ISBN 9781108228749. オリジナルの8 June 2019時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://books.google.com/books?id=9hssDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA45#v=onepage 5 August 2017閲覧。 
  2. ^ a b c “Amphetamine (D)”. Prescriber's Guide: Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology (6th ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. (March 2017). pp. 39–44. ISBN 9781108228749. https://books.google.com/books?id=9hssDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA39 8 August 2017閲覧。 
  3. ^ "Pharmacology". Dextromphetamine. DrugBank. 2019年8月6日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2013年11月5日閲覧
  4. ^ "Pharmacology". Amphetamine. DrugBank. University of Alberta. 8 February 2013. 2013年10月12日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2013年11月5日閲覧
  5. ^ a b HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION”. 18 July 2018時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ28 December 2021閲覧。
  6. ^ Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (2013). p. 648. ISBN 978-1609133450. "Alternatively, direct oxidation of amphetamine by DA β-hydroxylase can afford norephedrine." 
  7. ^ Krueger, SK; Williams, DE (June 2005). “Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases: structure/function, genetic polymorphisms and role in drug metabolism.”. Pharmacology & therapeutics 106 (3): 357-87. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.01.001. PMID 15922018. 
  8. ^ Green-Hernandez, Carol; Singleton, Joanne K.; Aronzon, Daniel Z. (1 January 2001). Primary Care Pediatrics. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 243. ISBN 9780781720083. オリジナルの23 May 2016時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20160523193423/https://books.google.com/books?id=o43u_qWT4asC 8 August 2021閲覧。 
  9. ^ Adderall IR Prescribing Information”. United States Food and Drug Administration. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.. pp. 1–6 (October 2015). 15 September 2018時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ18 May 2016閲覧。
  10. ^ AMPHETAMINE”. 2 October 2017時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。28 December 2021閲覧。
  11. ^ a b “A practical guide to the therapy of narcolepsy and hypersomnia syndromes”. Neurotherapeutics 9 (4): 739–752. (October 2012). doi:10.1007/s13311-012-0150-9. PMC 3480574. PMID 23065655. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480574/. 
  12. ^ dextrostat (dextroamphetamine sulfate) tablet [Shire US Inc.]”. DailyMed. Wayne, PA: Shire US Inc. (August 2006). 13 January 2012時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ8 November 2013閲覧。
  13. ^ a b c d BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. (2021). p. 370. ISBN 978-0857114105 
  14. ^ a b c d e Dextroamphetamine Monograph for Professionals” (英語). Drugs.com. 11 August 2021時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ28 December 2021閲覧。
  15. ^ Miller, Richard Lawrence (2002) (英語). The Encyclopedia of Addictive Drugs. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-313-31807-8. オリジナルの11 January 2022時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20220111114548/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_Encyclopedia_of_Addictive_Drugs/G7As-qawdzMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Dextroamphetamine+athletic&pg=PA107 28 December 2021閲覧。 
  16. ^ Cutler, Janis; Marcus, Eric (28 April 2010) (英語). Psychiatry. Oxford University Press. p. 569. ISBN 978-0-19-970682-2. オリジナルの11 January 2022時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20220111114555/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Psychiatry/nMvqeG7lGwwC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=&pg=PA569 28 December 2021閲覧。 
  17. ^ Dextroamphetamine Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx”. GoodRx. 28 December 2021閲覧。
  18. ^ DailyMed - DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE tablet”. dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. 11 January 2022時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ28 December 2021閲覧。

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