スターヴ教会

ノルウェーのヘッダール・スターヴ教会

スターヴ教会（スターヴきょうかい。英語：Stave church）または樽板教会（たるいたきょうかい）は、支柱と梁で構成された中世の木造教会である。

概要

教会の荷重を支える太い支柱（古ノルド語：stafr、現代ノルウェー語：stav）が、そのまま建築技術の名前になっている。かつてはヨーロッパ北西部に多く存在したが、現在ではほとんどが石造りの近代的な教会に建替えられ、もっとも多く残っているノルウェー国内でも、わずかに28棟[1]を残すのみとなっている。ノルウェー国外に残されている中世時代のスターヴ教会は、15世紀にスウェーデンのHedaredに建てられたHedared stave church、ノルウェー国内に立てられていた物を1842年にドイツのKrummhübel（現ポーランドのカルパチュ（英語版））に移築したVang stave church、イギリスのエセックス州、グリーンステッドに残っている聖アンドリュー教会、の3棟のみとされている。壁面は丈夫な厚板が貼り込まれた構造となっており、この見た目から樽板教会とも呼ばれる。

現存するスターヴ教会の例

ノルウェー国内

世界遺産に登録されているノルウェーのウルネスの木造教会

脚注・出典

  1. ^ リストによっては29棟などとなっている。
  2. ^ 『美しい教会を旅して』 2011, p. 82.

参考文献

  • KIKI『美しい教会を旅して』マーブルトロン、2011年。ISBN 978-4-12-390305-9。 

関連項目

外部リンク

ウィキメディア・コモンズには、スターヴ教会に関連するカテゴリがあります。
スタブアイコン

この項目は、建築・土木に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:建築／Portal:建築）。

スタブアイコン

この項目は、キリスト教に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（P:キリスト教/PJ:キリスト教）。

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