コトドリ上科

コトドリ上科(狭義)
コトドリ
分類
ドメイン : 真核生物 Eukaryota
: 動物界 Animalia
: 脊索動物門 Chordata
亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata
: 鳥綱 Aves
: スズメ目 Passeriformes
亜目 : スズメ亜目 Passeri
階級なし : Menurae
上科 : コトドリ上科 Menuroidea
シノニム

Menurida

コトドリ上科(コトドリじょうか、学名 Menuroidea)はスズメ目の上科である。

定義は複数あるが、ここでは単系統である狭義のコトドリ上科を扱う。Menurae(直訳: コトドリ亜目)や Menurida(直訳: コトドリ小目)とも呼ぶ。

2つの単型コトドリ科クサムラドリ科、すなわち、コトドリ属とクサムラドリ属の2属4種からなる。全種がオーストラリア固有種である。

系統樹

Ericson et al. (2002)[1]; Chesser & Have (2007)[2]より。

スズメ亜目
Menurae
コトドリ上科

コトドリ科 Menuridae

クサムラドリ科 Atrichornithidae

Passeres
ニワシドリ上科

ニワシドリ科 Ptilonorhynchidae

キノボリ科 Climacteridae

ミツスイ上科 Meliphagoidea

その他のスズメ亜目

コトドリ上科はスズメ亜目の中で最初に分岐した系統である。

分類史

Garrod (1876) はコトドリ属とクサムラドリ属の2属を、鳴禽類(現在のスズメ亜目)の中の Acromyodi Abnormalis に分類し、その他の鳴禽類 Acromyodi Normalis に対比させた[2]。コトドリ亜目 Menurea としてスズメ亜目 Passeres に対比させることもあった。

Sibley & Ahlquist (1985; 1990) は、この2属をコトドリ科とした。ただし、その広義のコトドリ科の位置づけは正しくなく、ニワシドリ科キノボリ科と共にスズメ亜目カラス小目コトドリ上科とした。

2002年以降のDNAシーケンス系統により、Sibley & Ahlquist のコトドリ上科は基底的な側系統であり、かつての MenureaPasseres姉妹群だと判明した。このため、コトドリ上科とニワシドリ上科 Ptilonorhynchoidea の2つの単系統上科に分離する説[3][4]や、鳴禽類(スズメ亜目)を MenuraeEuoscines(直訳: 真鳴禽類)に分ける説[1]などが出ている。

下位分類

出典

  1. ^ a b Ericson, Per G.P.; Christidis, Les; Irestedt, Martin; Norman, Janette A. (2002), “Systematic affinities of the lyrebirds (Passeriformes: Menura), with a novel classification of the major groups of passerine birds”, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 25: 53–62, http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021336/Ericson+Menura+MPEV.pdf 
  2. ^ a b Chesser, R. Terry; Have, José ten (2007), “On the phylogenetic position of the scrub-birds (Passeriformes: Menurae: Atrichornithidae) of Australia”, J. Ornithol. 148: 471–476, doi:10.1007/S10336-007-0174-9, http://si-pddr.si.edu/jspui/bitstream/10088/6455/1/Chesser_and_have2007on_the_phyloge.pdf 
  3. ^ O’Leary, Maureen A.; Allard, Marc; et al. (2004), “Phylogenic relationships among modern birds (Neornithes): toward an Avean tree of life”, in Cracraft, Joel; Donoghue, Michael J., Assembling the tree of life, Oxford University Press 
  4. ^ Harshman, John (2006), “Oscines”, Tree of Life web project, http://tolweb.org/Oscines/29222 

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