アラビア語チャド方言

アラビア語チャド方言
話される国 チャドの旗 チャド
スーダンの旗 スーダン
南スーダンの旗 南スーダン
ニジェールの旗 ニジェール
中央アフリカ共和国の旗 中央アフリカ
カメルーンの旗 カメルーン
ナイジェリアの旗 ナイジェリア
話者数 1100万人 (1973年-2006年)[1]
言語系統
表記体系 アラビア文字
言語コード
ISO 639-1 ar
ISO 639-2 ara
ISO 639-3 shu
テンプレートを表示

アラビア語チャド方言は、アラビア語口語アーンミーヤ)のひとつでチャド周辺で話されている。シュワシュアスワショアショワバッガラ・アラビア語バッカラ・アラビア語バッガーラ・アラビア語バッカーラ・アラビア語西スーダン方言ともよばれる。ただし、シュワはナイジェリアの特定の言語をさしている単語であり、西洋人がこの単語をこの方言の言語学の学術用語として採用してしまったものであり、現地の話者がこれをもちいることはない。100万人を超える人々が第一言語として用いており[2]、このなかに都市住民や遊牧民を含む。この方言の話者の多くはチャド南部に分布していて、方言の話者分布域の大半がチャドやスーダンにある。また、チャド湖周辺でも用いられるためカメルーンナイジェリアニジェールにも話者が存在している。さらに、南スーダン中央アフリカにも少し存在している。また、周辺諸国の非母語話者は、リングワ・フランカ共通語)として用いられることもあるが、その場合においてはいくつかの地方言語のひとつとして用いられるにすぎない。

チャド方言の範囲。この地図には示されていないが、ニジェールナイジェリアにも分布している。
アラビア語の口語(アーンミーヤ)の方言地図

文法

アラビア語チャド方言の単語の例

単語 意味 注意
anīna 私たち
'alme 定冠詞は 'al
īd īdの2つの意味は本来、別の単語からきている。ʔīd "手" < 古典語 yad
īd 祭り ʕīd "祭り" < 古典語 ʕīd
jidãda, jidãd 鶏肉、(集合的に)鶏肉
šumāl

脚注

  1. ^ Chadian Arabic reference at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013)
  2. ^ Ethnologue, Chad, entry for Arabic, Chadian Spoken

参照

  • Carbou, Henri. 1954 [1913]. Méthode pratique pour l'étude de l'arabe parlé au Ouaday et à l'est du Tchad. [Practical method for studying the Arabic spoken in Waddai and the east of Chad]. Paris: Librairie orientaliste Geuthner. This Web page has a link to the full text. This 1954 printing contains the 1913 edition, including the original title page.
  • Fox, Andrew (October 1988). “Nigerian Arabic–English Dictionary by Alan S. Kaye, Book Review”. Language (Language, Vol. 64, No. 4) 64 (4): 836. doi:10.2307/414603. JSTOR 414603. 
  • Kaye, Alan S. 1976. Chadian And Sudanese Arabic In The Light Of Comparative Arabic Dialectology. Mouton.
  • Owens, Jonathan (2007). "Close Encounters of a Different Kind: Two types of insertion in Nigerian Arabic code switching". In Miller, Catherine G. (ed.). Arabic in the city: issues in dialect contact and language variation. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-77311-3
  • Owens, Jonathan. 2003. Arabic dialect history and historical linguistic mythology. Journal of the American Oriental Society.
  • Owens, Jonathan. 2006. A Linguistic History of Arabic. Oxford University Press.
  • Pommerol, Patrice Jullien de. 1997. L'arabe tchadien: émergence d'une langue véhiculaire. Karthala. 174 pp.
  • Pommerol, Patrice Jullien de. 1999. Grammaire pratique de l'arabe tchadien. Karthala. 280 pp. N'Djamena dialect.
  • Watson, JCE. 1996. [Review of Owens 1994] . Bulletin of Oriental and African Studies, 59: 359-360.

参考文献

  • Kaye, Alan S. 1982. Dictionary of Nigerian Arabic. Malibu: Undena. Series: Bibliotheca Afroasiatica; 1. This volume is English-Arabic. 90 pp.
  • Kaye, Alan S. 1987. Nigerian Arabic-English dictionary. Malibu: Undena. Series: Bibliotheca Afroasiatica; 2. 90 pp.
  • Owens, Jonathan. 1993. A grammar of Nigerian Arabic. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
  • Owens, Jonathan, ed. 1994. Arabs and Arabic in the Lake Chad Region. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. Series: SUGIA (Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika); 14.
  • Pommerol, Patrice Jullien de. 1999. J'apprends l'arabe tchadien. Karthala. 328 pp. N'Djamena dialect.
  • Woidich, Manfred. 1988. [Review of Kaye 1987] . Journal of the American Oriental Society, Oct. - Dec. 1988, 108(4): 663-665

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