Nicolò da Bruna

Nicolò da Bruna vescovo della Chiesa cattolica
Nicolò da Bruna in un affresco nel castello del Buonconsiglio realizzato dal Fogolino


Incarichi ricoperti	Principe vescovo di Trento (1338-1347)

Nato	a Brno
Nominato vescovo	13 luglio 1338
Deceduto	12 novembre 1347 a Mikulov

Manuale

Nicolò Alreim o Abrein (Brno, ... – Nicolsburgo, 12 novembre 1347) è stato principe vescovo di Trento dal 1338 al 1347^[1].

Biografia

Nativo di Bruna (l'odierna Brno, la maggiore città della Moravia), Nicolò era decano della cattedrale di Olomouc e cancelliere di Carlo, margravio di Moravia, il primogenito di Giovanni I di Boemia^[1].

Quando, nel gennaio 1336, Carlo venne inviato in Tirolo (come tutore dei due conti minorenni, suo fratello minore Giovanni Enrico e sua moglie Margherita) Nicolò lo seguì; il principe vescovo di Trento, Enrico di Metz, morì nell'ottobre dello stesso anno, e Carlo riuscì a far nominare Nicolò suo successore, ottenendo la conferma papale il 13 luglio 1338^[1]; l'anno seguente, Giovanni di Boemia gli concesse di utilizzare nel suo stemma l'aquila di San Venceslao, che era rimasta vacante dopo la morte di Venceslao III di Boemia^[1].

Nel suo ruolo di principe vescovo, Nicolò riuscì a fermare la guerra fra le casate nobiliari delle valli di Non e Sole e a recuperare il controllo sui feudi usurpati dai Castelbarco^[1]; fu inoltre commissionario di una edizione ampliata del Codex Vangianus (detta maior)^[3].

Le trame degli Asburgo per scacciare i Lussemburgo (la casata a cui Nicolò era fedele) dal Tirolo, però, danneggiarono gravemente il potere del vescovo: nel 1341 Margherita ripudiò il marito, che riparò ad Aquileia assieme a Nicolò; l'anno seguente, Margherita si sposò con Ludovico V di Baviera e il padre di quest'ultimo, Ludovico il Bavaro, prese il controllo del principato vescovile^[1].

Nel 1347 Carlo, divenuto nel frattempo imperatore, riprese il controllo di Trento, e Nicolò lo raggiunse a Belluno, dove con un decreto imperiale ottenne la restituzione di tutti i feudi trentini; i due si spostaron in Moravia dove Nicolò morì a Nicolsburgo il 12 novembre, senza aver fatto in tempo a rientrare nel principato vescovile^[1].

Note

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Ghetta, pp. 17-21.
^ Diploma rilasciato da Re Giovanni di Boemia al Vescovo di Trento (9 agosto 1339), su autonomia.provincia.tn.it. URL consultato il 29 novembre 2016.
^ Codex Vangianus, i «cartolari» della Chiesa trentina (XIII-XIV Sec.), su L'Adigetto, 24 novembre 2007. URL consultato l'11 aprile 2017.

Bibliografia

Frumenzio Ghetta, L'aquila stemma di Trento e del Trentino, Comune di Trento, 2000, ISBN 88-86802-33-1.

Altri progetti

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Nicolò da Bruna

Predecessore	Principe vescovo di Trento	Successore
Enrico di Metz	1338 - 1347	Gerardo da Manhauc (eletto)

Controllo di autorità	VIAF (EN) 316776614 · CERL cnp02127303 · GND (DE) 1074430409

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