Jarmila Kratochvílová

Jarmila Kratochvílová
NazionalitàCecoslovacchia (bandiera) Cecoslovacchia
Altezza171 cm
Peso68 kg
Atletica leggera
Specialità400 metri, 800 metri
SocietàVŠ Praha
Record
100 m 11"09 Record nazionale (1981)
200 m 21"97 Record nazionale (1981)
200 m 22"76 Record nazionale (indoor – 1981)
400 m 47"99 Record nazionale (1983)
400 m indoor 49"59 Record nazionale (1982)
800 m 1'53"28 Record mondiale (1983)
Carriera
Nazionale
1979-1987Cecoslovacchia (bandiera) Cecoslovacchia
Palmarès
Competizione Ori Argenti Bronzi
Giochi olimpici 0 1 0
Mondiali 2 1 0
Europei 0 2 0
Europei indoor 4 1 0

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Jarmila Kratochvílová (IPA [ˈjarmɪla ˈkratoxviːlovaː]; Golčův Jeníkov, 26 gennaio 1951) è un'ex mezzofondista e velocista cecoslovacca, detentrice dal 1983 del record mondiale degli 800 metri piani, il più longevo dell'atletica leggera outdoor[1].

Biografia

Dopo una carriera costellata da malattie e infortuni, Kratochvílová conobbe il suo momento migliore a 32 anni nel 1983: alla riunione d'atletica di Monaco di Baviera (nell'allora Germania Ovest), cui prese parte in ottica di allenamento, scartò la gara di velocità sui 200 per dedicarsi solo ai 400 e agli 800[2], il 26 luglio corse quest'ultima gara con il tempo di 1'53"28, che abbassava di 15 centesimi il precedente primato detenuto dalla sovietica Nadežda Olizarenko conseguito alle olimpiadi di Mosca tre anni prima[3]. A seguire, ai successivi mondiali di Helsinki, vinse di nuovo gli 800 e stabilì il primato sui 400, poi battuto nel 1985 dalla tedesco-orientale Marita Koch[2], mentre il record degli 800 di Monaco è, al 2024, il più longevo della storia dell'atletica leggera[2].

Kratochvílová ha inoltre detenuto per quasi 41 anni il record mondiale di 49"53 dei 400 indoor stabilito a Milano il 7 marzo 1982 e superato nel febbraio 2023 dall'olandese Femke Bol. Al coperto ha conquistato tre titoli europei consecutivi, dal 1981 al 1983.

Kratochvílová oggi fa l'allenatrice a Čáslav[4] e, saltuariamente, la commentatrice sportiva per la TV ceca[5].

Record nazionali

Seniores

  • 100 metri piani: 11"09 (Bratislava, 6 giugno 1981)
  • 200 metri piani: 21"97 (Bratislava, 6 giugno 1981)
  • 200 metri piani indoor: 22"76 (Vienna, 28 gennaio 1981)
  • 400 metri piani: 47"99 (Helsinki, 10 agosto 1983)
  • 400 metri piani indoor: 49"59 (Milano, 7 marzo 1982)
  • 800 metri piani: 1'53"28 (Monaco di Baviera, 26 luglio 1983) Record mondiale
  • Staffetta 4×100 metri: 42"98 (Zurigo, 18 agosto 1982)
  • Staffetta 4×400 metri: 3'20"32 (Helsinki, 14 agosto 1983)

Palmarès

Anno Manifestazione Sede Evento Risultato Prestazione Note
1979 Europei indoor Austria (bandiera) Vienna 400 m piani   Argento 51"81
1980 Giochi olimpici Unione Sovietica (bandiera) Mosca 400 m piani   Argento 49"46
1981 Europei indoor Francia (bandiera) Grenoble 400 m piani   Oro 50"07 Record dei campionati
1982 Europei indoor Italia (bandiera) Milano 400 m piani   Oro 49"59 Record mondiale
Europei Grecia (bandiera) Atene 400 m piani   Argento 48"85
4×400 m   Argento 3'22"17
1983 Europei indoor Ungheria (bandiera) Budapest 400 m piani   Oro 49"69
Mondiali Finlandia (bandiera) Helsinki 400 m piani   Oro 47"99 Record mondiale
800 m piani   Oro 1'54"68
4×400 m   Argento 3'20"32 Record nazionale
1984 Europei indoor Svezia (bandiera) Göteborg 200 m piani   Oro 23"02
1987 Mondiali Italia (bandiera) Roma 800 m piani 5ª 1'57"81

Note

  1. ^ Atletica, la Semenya domina: ma il suo oro continua a far discutere, su repubblica.it, la Repubblica, 21 agosto 2016. URL consultato il 22 agosto 2016.
  2. ^ a b c Arianna Galati, Il tempo unico di Jarmila Kratochvílová, che corse il record più longevo dell'atletica in pista, in Marie Claire, Milano, Hearst Magazines Italia, 23 luglio 2023, ISSN 0025-3049 (WC · ACNP). URL consultato il 30 luglio 2023 (archiviato il 30 luglio 2023).
  3. ^ La Kratochvílová mondiale sugli 800 metri (PDF), in l'Unità, 28 luglio 1983, p. 9. URL consultato il 30 luglio 2023.
  4. ^ Jarmila, come si passa dallo scannar maiali a correre gli 800 come nessuno mai, in la Gazzetta dello Sport, 31 gennaio 2011. URL consultato il 12 giugno 2011.
  5. ^ (CS) Interview Z1, host: Jarmila Kratochvílová (18. 6. 2010), su youtube.com, YouTube, 18 giugno 2010. URL consultato il 12 giugno 2011.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàISNI (EN) 0000 0000 5568 1289 · LCCN (EN) n86125949 · GND (DE) 1230247203
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