Giardini classici di Suzhou

 Bene protetto dall'UNESCO
Giardini classici di Suzhou
 Patrimonio dell'umanità
Giardino Lingering
TipoCulturale
Criterio(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)
PericoloNon in pericolo
Riconosciuto dal1997
Scheda UNESCO(EN) Classical Gardens of Suzhou
(FR) Jardins classiques de Suzhou
Manuale

I giardini classici di Suzhou sono un gruppo di giardini situati a Suzhou, nella provincia di Jiangsu, in Cina: otto di questi sono stati dichiarati dall'UNESCO patrimonio dell'umanità.

Storia e descrizione

Suzhou fu fondata nel 514 a.C. come capitale del regno di Wu: in poco tempo divenne il centro politico, economico e culturale della regione. I primi giardini furono edificati già al tempo della fondazione della città, ma fu sotto le dinastie dei Ming e dei Qing, in particolare tra il XVI e il XVII secolo[1], che raggiunsero il loro massimo splendore, arrivando a contare, nelle mura di Suzhou, oltre 200 giardini, a cui se ne aggiungevano altri 100 all'esterno[2]: la città venne definita come "paradiso terrestre". Divennero quindi il modello d'ispirazione per i cosiddetti giardini cinesi. Di questi giardini se ne sono conservati 69, tutti designati come patrimonio nazionale: nove di questi, nel 1997 e nel 2000, sono stati selezionati dall'UNESCO come patrimonio dell'umanità.

Il classico giardino di Suzhou rappresenta un microcosmo del mondo con alla base elementi naturali come acqua, pietre e piante, secondo gli insegnamenti filosofici di Laozi e Zhuāngzǐ: sono state create artificialmente colline e corsi d'acqua e messi a dimora alberi, arbusti e piante da fiore, oltre a numerosi edifici, nel tipico stile tradizionale cinese, dalle svariate dimensione e per diversi scopi come la meditazione, la lettura e la scrittura, bere il tè, suonare o ascoltare musica[2]. Sono inoltre poste iscrizioni calligrafiche, che si riferiscono alla filosofia e alla letteratura cinese, e antiche stele.

Giardini

Foto Giardino Anno
Giardino dell'Umile Amministratore 1997
Giardino Lingering 1997
Giardino del Maestro delle Reti 1997
Villa di montagna con una bellezza avvolgente 1997
Giardino Ouyuan 2000
Giardino della coltivazione 2000
Padiglione dell'onda blu 2000
Giardino della Foresta dei Leoni 2000
Giardino del ritiro e della riflessione 2000

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Classical Gardens of Suzhou, su whc.unesco.org. URL consultato il 27 maggio 2020.
  2. ^ a b I giardini di Suzhou: alla scoperta del più "green" tra i siti UNESCO, su arte.sky.it, 29 luglio 2018. URL consultato il 27 maggio 2020.

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