Gabriel Mudaeus

Gabriel Mudaeus

Gabriel van der Muyden, noto col nome latinizzato di Gabriel Mudaeus (Brecht, 1500 circa – Lovanio, 21 aprile 1560), è stato un giurista e docente fiammingo del XVI secolo; fu giureconsulto e professore di diritto romano presso l'Università di Lovanio.

Biografia

De contractibus, 1586

Nato a Brecht nelle Fiandre (oggi in provincia di Anversa in Belgio) intorno al 1500, iniziò in quella città suoi studi e li proseguì all'Università di Lovanio, presso il collegio Pédagogie du Lys (Paedagogium Lilii), dove seguì l'insegnamento di Erasmo da Rotterdam e dell'umanista spagnolo Juan Luis Vives. Nel 1523 ottenne il primo premio per la filosofia in una gara tra i collegi.

Fu quindi scelto come precettore per i figli di Laurent de Blioul, revisore contabile del Consiglio privato di re Carlo V, intreprendendo un viaggio per le università della Francia. Probabilmente soggiornò a Parigi, ma anche ad Orléans, Bourges e forse ad Avignone.

Mentre la sua precedente formazione era esclusivamente filologica e filosofica, questo viaggio deve averlo aperto allo studio del diritto, come vediamo al suo ritorno a Lovanio. Nel 1531 si laureò in giurisprudenza e nel 1539 divenne dottore in utroque iure (in diritto canonico e civile). Già nel 1537 era stato responsabile dell'insegnamento delle Istituzioni di Giustiniano.

Influenza

Mudaeus modernizzò lo studio del diritto nei Paesi Bassi e contribuì, assieme ai suoi successori, a fare di Lovanio un importante centro di insegnamento del diritto romano e del diritto in generale.

In tale università introdusse i metodi dell'umanesimo nel campo del diritto: pensiero critico, applicazione del metodo filologico e storico per tornare al testo autentico. Venne esplicitamente posto sotto il patrocinio di Guillaume Budé e Andra Alciato. Tuttavia, lasciò solo un'opera puramente didattica (edita dal suo genero Roelants) e non opere strettamente scientifiche.

Esercitò una profonda influenza su molti studenti e continuatori, tra i quali possiamo citare François Baudouin (Balduinus), Jean Crespin e Mathieu Wesembeke.

Opere

Bibliografia

  • (NL) René Dekkers, Het humanisme en de rechtswetenschap in de Nederlanden, 1938
  • (NL) Fernand De Visscher, Gabriel Mudaeus (Discorso in occasione del quarto centenario del dottorato in giurisprudenza di G. Mudaeus (1539) dal suo successore alla cattedra di diritto romano presso l'Università di Lovanio), in Annales de droit et de sciences politiques, 1939 (incluso in Fernand de Visscher, Études de droit romain public et privé, III, Milano, A. Giuffrè, 1966, pp. 433–445).
  • (EN) R. C. Van Caenegem e D. E. L. Johnston. An Historical Introduction to Private Law, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • (EN) David M. Walker, The Oxford Companion to Law, Oxford University Press, 1980.

Altri progetti

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 54489613 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 8383 7308 · SBN BVEV025113 · BAV 495/227288 · CERL cnp00973124 · GND (DE) 100215785
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