Foreste di conifere dei monti Qilian

Foreste di conifere dei monti Qilian
Qilian Mountains conifer forests
Il monastero di Labrang (contea di Xiahe)
EcozonaPaleartica (PA)
BiomaForeste di conifere temperate
Codice WWFPA0517
Superficie16 700 km²
ConservazioneVulnerabile
StatiCina (bandiera) Cina
Cartina dell'ecoregione
Scheda WWF

L'ecoregione delle foreste di conifere dei monti Qilian (codice ecoregione: PA0517) consiste in una serie di foreste di conifere isolate sulle pendici settentrionali della catena dei Qilian Shan, al margine nord-orientale dell'altopiano del Tibet nella Cina centrale.[1]

Geografia

Le diverse zone di questa ecoregione sono costituite da sottili fasce di foresta situate tra il deserto del Gobi a nord e l'arido ed elevato altopiano del Tibet a sud. Le zone circostanti sono ricoperte da prati e boscaglie alpini.[1] Queste foreste frammentate si trovano in segmenti isolati sui Qilian Shan orientali, i Daban Shan, la catena dell'A’nyê Maqên e i Dié Shan, nelle province di Qinghai e Gansu.

Clima

A causa dell'altitudine e della posizione all'interno del continente, nell'ecoregione domina un clima subartico con inverni secchi (Dwc secondo la classificazione dei climi di Köppen), caratterizzato da estati miti (solo 1-3 mesi con temperature medie superiori a 10 °C) e inverni rigidi con precipitazioni mensili inferiori a un terzo rispetto a quelle del più umido mese estivo.[2][3] Le temperature medie di gennaio oscillano tra -18 e -7 °C, quelle di luglio tra 5 e 21 °C.[1]

Flora

Le specie arboree prevalenti nell'ecoregione sono l'abete rosso dei Qilian Shan (Picea crassifolia) e il ginepro di Przewalski (Juniperus przewalskii). Nel sottobosco crescono boschetti di bambù di bassa statura. Il relativo isolamento di queste foreste fa ipotizzare che costituiscano un habitat per diverse specie rare di mammiferi, ma la presenza di specie vulnerabili non è certa. Specie tipiche della foresta come il takin (Budorcas taxicolor) - un grosso animale simile allo gnu - e il mosco cinese (Moschus berezovskii) probabilmente vivono nelle steppe e nei prati dei Qilian Shan. È probabile che anche il raro leopardo delle nevi (Panthera uncia) si aggiri ancora nelle foreste di conifere, mentre specie in pericolo di estinzione come il cervo dalle labbra bianche (Cervus albirostris), lo yak selvatico (Bos mutus), la gazzella del Tibet (Procapra picticaudata) e lo stambecco siberiano (Capra sibirica) popolano le scoscese colline e i pascoli di tutta la regione. Tuttavia, sono necessarie ulteriori ricerche per compilare un catalogo completo degli abitanti di queste remote foreste.[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c d (EN) Qilian Mountains Conifer Forests, su worldwildlife.org, World Wildlife Federation. URL consultato il 29 ottobre 2019.
  2. ^ (EN) M. Kottek, J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf e F. Rubel, World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated (PDF), su koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at, Gebrüder Borntraeger, 2006. URL consultato il 14 settembre 2019.
  3. ^ (EN) Dataset - Koppen climate classifications, su datacatalog.worldbank.org, World Bank. URL consultato il 14 settembre 2019.

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