Cloruro di propargile

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Cloruro di propargile
Formula di struttura
Formula di struttura
Modello a sfere e bastoncini
Modello a sfere e bastoncini
Modello 3D della molecola
Modello 3D della molecola
Nome IUPAC
3-cloro-1-propino
Nomi alternativi
cloruro propargilico

gamma-cloroallilene

Caratteristiche generali
Formula bruta o molecolareC3H3Cl
Massa molecolare (u)74,51 g/mol
Aspettoliquido ocra
Numero CAS624-65-7
Numero EINECS210-856-9
PubChem24848620
SMILES
C#CCCl
Proprietà chimico-fisiche
Densità (g/cm3, in c.s.)1,037 g/cm3
Indice di rifrazione1,4321 a 20 C°[1]
Solubilità in acquainsolubile
Temperatura di fusione−78 °C (195 K)
Temperatura di ebollizione57 °C (216 K)
Proprietà tossicologiche
DL50 (mg/kg)165 mg/kg di peso corporeo
Indicazioni di sicurezza
Punto di fiamma19 C°
Temperatura di autoignizione295 C°
Simboli di rischio chimico
infiammabile tossicità acuta corrosivo
pericolo
Frasi H221 - 301+311+331 - 314 [2]
Consigli P210 - 261 - 280 - 305+351+338 - 310 [2]
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

Il cloruro di propargile (o 3-cloro-1-propino) è un composto organico di colore marrone, insolubile in acqua ed altamente tossico, sensibile agli urti ed infiammabile a temperature relativamente basse .
È solubile in benzene ed etanolo.

Reattività

Reagisce con gli alcoli per formare eteri propargilici.

Tossicologia

Il cloruro di propargile è un composto tossico, capace di provocare ustioni chimiche a contatto con la pelle; diminuzione del ritmo respiratorio e danni alle vie respiratorie se ne vengono inalati i vapori.[2]

  • I suoi vapori causano danni ai polmoni. Concentrazioni di 1000 ppm per 3 ore e di 2000 ppm per un'ora hanno portato entrambi alla morte delle cavie (ratti) rispettivamente per edema polmonare e broncopolmonite secondaria.
  • A contatto con la pelle, una soluzione del composto all'1% non causa irritazioni, una soluzione al 10% causa media irritazione ed una al 20% provoca necrosi del tessuto, croste e a volte piaghe. Su un campione di 400 cavie, una dose di 2 ml di soluzione al 10% sulla pelle sono in grado di uccidere un ratto su tre dopo 10 minuti.
  • L'ingestione accidentale del composto provoca danni alle mucose dell'apparato digerente.
  • Una soluzione di cloruro propargilico all'1% provoca lieve irritazione oculare e lacrimazione, ma è probabile che soluzioni a concentrazione più elevata provochino ustioni chimiche.[3]
  • Non sono disponibili dati sulle eventuali proprietà cancerogene o mutagene.

Usi

Il cloruro propargilico viene impiegato nella produzione di:[2]

  • coloranti
  • fungicidi
  • insetticidi
  • sterilizzanti del terreno
  • steroidi
  • ormoni della crescita
  • prodotti farmaceutici.

Note

  1. ^ Scheda su Sigma-Aldrich
  2. ^ a b c d Scheda del 3-cloro-1-propino su IFA-GESTIS Archiviato il 16 ottobre 2019 in Internet Archive.
  3. ^ Test effettuato sui conigli.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

  Portale Chimica: il portale della scienza della composizione, delle proprietà e delle trasformazioni della materia

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