Battaglia di Beirut

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Battaglia di Beirut
parte della guerra italo-turca
Mappa delle operazioni navali
Data24 febbraio 1912
LuogoBeirut
CausaInvasione italiana della Libia
EsitoVittoria Italiana
Schieramenti
Comandanti
Effettivi
Due incrociatori corazzati
Ferruccio
Garibaldi		Una cannoniera corazzata
Una torpediniera
Perdite
NessunaDistruzione della flotta turca
66 perdite civili
Voci di battaglie presenti su Wikipedia
Manuale
Un incrociatore corazzato (il Ferruccio o il Garibaldi, unità gemelle) bombarda la rada di Beirut il 24 febbraio 1912. Bersagli immobili la cannoniera corazzata Avni Illah e la torpediniera Angora

La battaglia di Beirut fu uno scontro navale combattuto al largo della costa libanese durante la guerra italo-turca; a seguito della dimostrazione di forza italiana, il quadrante navale del Canale di Suez rimase al sicuro dagli attacchi navali ottomani durante il resto del conflitto.

Durante la battaglia, i due incrociatori corazzati italiani Ferruccio e Garibaldi sorpresero in porto la cannoniera corazzata Avnillah o Avni Illah (grafia diversa a seconda delle fonti, cioè "Divina Provvidenza") e una torpediniera, affondandole a cannonate senza possibilità di reazione da parte turca per l'obsolescenza della Avnillah e la disparità delle forze.

La battaglia

Già dal 23 ottobre le due squadre principali della flotta italiana rientrate ad Augusta dalla Libia erano state spostate a Taranto per operare nel Mar Egeo; il governo italiano tuttavia frenava qualsiasi tentativo di azione militare marittima fuori dalle acque già controllate dalla Regia Marina[1].

Il 20 febbraio il comandante della squadra dell'Egeo, contrammiraglio Paolo Thaon di Revel, ricevette l'ordine di catturare o distruggere la Avnillah (una grossa e obsoleta corvetta a casamatta riclassificata cannoniera corazzata da 2400 t[2]) e la torpediniera Angora (nome ottomano di Ankara) di base a Beirut. La formazione italiana composta dai due incrociatori Giuseppe Garibaldi e Francesco Ferruccio si presentò il 24 febbraio davanti al porto di Beirut e, dopo aver intimato la resa senza ricevere risposta, alle 09:00 aprì il fuoco affondando entrambe le navi turche; nonostante l'ordine di non cannoneggiare la città, alcuni tiri lunghi arrivarono a terra uccidendo due gendarmi e 52 civili[3].

Note

  1. ^ Gabriele 1998, pp. 101-105.
  2. ^ (EN) Segnaletica navale turca durante la grande guerra, su forum.gallipoli-association.org, 5 gennaio 2011. URL consultato il 25 giugno 2013 (archiviato dall'url originale il 20 ottobre 2014).
  3. ^ Gabriele 1998, p. 140.

Bibliografia

  • Mariano Gabriele, La Marina nella Guerra Italo-Turca, Roma, Ufficio Storico della Marina Militare, 1998.

Altri progetti

  Portale Guerra

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