Arteria ombelicale

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Arteria ombelicale
Schema della circolazione fetale
Anatomia del Gray(EN) Pagina 540
SistemaApparato circolatorio
OrigineRamo anteriore dell'arteria iliaca interna
VenaVena ombelicale
Identificatori
MeSHA07.015.114.929 e A16.378.693.641
TAA12.2.15.020
FMA18820
TEE6.0.1.3.0.0.4
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

L'arteria ombelicale è un vaso, pari e simmetrico, che partecipa alla costituzione della circolazione fetale placentare.

Decorso e funzione nel feto

Nel feto origina da ciascun lato dalle due arterie iliache interne, si porta anteriormente fino a giungere a ridosso della vescica urinaria, si porta poi verso l'alto fino alla regione ombelicale dove penetra nel cordone ombelicale, decorrendo assieme alla vena ombelicale fino alla placenta, nella quale si ramifica nei vari capillari dei villi coriali.

Ha significato funzionale di portare il sangue deossigenato proveniente dal corpo del feto verso la placenta. Qua il sangue riceve ossigeno e nutrienti e ritorna al feto tramite la vena ombelicale.

Decorso nell'adulto

In seguito al parto, le arterie ombelicali vanno incontro a obliterazione funzionale e, dopo alcuni giorni, a obliterazione anatomica. Soltanto la porzione più prossimale delle arterie (il tratto che va dal ramo anteriore dell'arteria iliaca interna fino alla vescica) rimane pervia per costituire l'arteria vescicale superiore. La porzione distale delle arterie, tesa fra vescica ed ombelico, diventa un cordone fibroso detto legamento ombelicale mediale[1].

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Susan Standring, 73, in Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 41ª ed., p. 1226, ISBN 978-0-7020-5230-9.
    «At birth, when placental circulation ceases, only the pelvic segment remains patent as the internal iliac artery and part of the superior vesical artery; the remainder becomes a fibrous medial umbilical ligament»

Bibliografia

  • Giuseppe Anastasi et al., Trattato di anatomia umana, volume I, Milano, Edi.Ermes, 2012, ISBN 978-88-7051-285-4.

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Anatomia: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di anatomia

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