Andreas Jäger

Andreas Jäger (1660 – 1730) è stato un filologo e religioso svedese, precursore dell'indoeuropeistica.

Biografia

Scarse le informazioni sulla vita di Jäger, tanto che le stesse date di nascita e di morte sono approssimative[1]. Studiò probabilmente all'Università di Uppsala; le sue idee non riscossero alcun successo nella comunità scientifica del suo tempo, tanto che tornò a Uppsala e divenne pastore[2].

Opera

A Jäger è attribuito il dialogo De lingua vetustissima Europae Scytho-Celtica et Gothica (generalmente abbreviato in De lingua vetustissima Europae), pubblicato a Wittenberg nel 1686 e che contiene la prima formulazione dell'esistenza di un comune antenato di gran parte delle lingue storiche dell'Europa e dell'Asia centro-occidentale. Per Jäger, greco, latino, lingue germaniche, lingue celtiche, lingue slave e persiano erano il risultato dell'evoluzione di una lingua estinta, parlata anticamente nei pressi del Caucaso e cui diede il nome di "scitoceltico"[3]. Secondo Jäger, tra le varie lingue che riteneva geneticamente imparentate i caratteri di maggior arcaicità, e quindi di maggior prossimità alla perduta lingua comune, appartenevano al persiano, che chiamava "lingua scita"[2][4].

L'attribuzione a Jäger del De lingua vetustissima Europae è accolta dalla gran parte dei linguisti, anche grazie alle argomentazioni di George J. Metcalf[2]; è stato tuttavia ipotizzato che il vero autore del dialogo sia stato non colui che risponde ai quesiti (Jäger, allora giovane studente), ma colui che li poneva: un docente, quindi, che è stato proposto di identificare con Georg Caspar Kirchmaier[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b (DE, EN, FR) John Considine, Did Andreas Jäger or Georg Caspar Kirchmaier write the dissertation De lingua vetustissima Europae (1686)? (abstract), su ingentaconnect.com. URL consultato il 3 ottobre 2009.
  2. ^ a b c (EN) Eugene McKendry, J.G. Sparwenfeld and the Celtic Linguistic in Seventeenth-Century Sweden, p. 183., su books.google.it. URL consultato il 3 ottobre 2009.
  3. ^ Francisco Villar, Gli Indoeuropei e le origini dell'Europa, pp. 19-33.
  4. ^ Gli Sciti parlavano effettivamente una lingua appartenente al medesimo ramo indoiranico del persiano.

Bibliografia

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