A Clockwork Orange (bók)

A Clockwork Orange
HöfundurAnthony Burgess
LandFáni Bretlands Bretland
TungumálEnska
StefnurVísindaskáldsaga, dystópía, ádeila, svartur húmor
ÚtgefandiWilliam Heinemann
Útgáfudagur
17. maí 1962

A Clockwork Orange er skáldsaga eftir Anthony Burgess sem kom út árið 1962. Við ritun bókarinnar útbjó Burgess heilt slangurmál frá grunni sem hann nefnir Nadsat, og er að mestu byggt á rússnesku. Bókin var mjög umdeild þegar hún kom út. Árið 1971 gerði Stanley Kubrick samnefnda kvikmynd sem var byggð á bókinni.

Söguþráður

A Clockwork Orange (eða Vélgengt glóaldin) er framtíðarsaga sem gerist (líklega) á Bretlandi. Hún er sögð í fyrstu persónu og nefnist sögumaðurinn Alex. Hann er fimmtán ára, hneigður til ofbeldis og mjög uppreisnagjarn. Hann og félagar hans (Pete, Dim og Georgie) mynda klíku og eru allir sem einn ólöghlýðnir fantar. Þeir hanga venjulega á Mjólkurbarnum (Duke of New York) og fremja þess á milli hrylliega ofbeldisglæpi, stunda innbrot, árásir og nauðganir. Loks nær hinn langa hönd laganna til Alex og hann er settur í fangelsi.

Til að losna fyrr út tekur Alex þátt í undarlegri tilraun (Ludovico's Technique) sem á að gera hann að löghlýðnum borgara. Tilraunin er að öllu leyti óhefðbundin, en hún felst í því að hann er sprautaður með lyfi og látinn horfa á hryllilegustu glæpi með augun glennt upp á gátt og höfuðið skorðað þannig að hann geti ekki litið undan. Og meðan er spiluð klassísk tónlist, en Alex hafði unun af slíkri tónlist og tengir hana við ofbeldi, enda hafði hann ósjaldan hlustað á hana meðan hann vann illvirki sín. Tilraunin hefur það sterk áhrif á hann fær viðbjóð á ofbeldi og klassískri tónlist.

Þegar Alex svo losnar úr fangelsinu og kemur heim til foreldra sinna hafa þeir leigt út herbergið hans og henda honum út. Hann ráfar um göturnar og rekst fyrr en varir á vin sinn Dim, sem er orðinn lögregluþjónn. Dim og vinur hans, sem einnig er lögregluþjónn, taka Alex og fara með hann út í sveit og berja hann. Alex rís upp og ráfar um sveitirnar og lendir fyrir tilviljun í höndum eiginmanns konunnar sem hann nauðgaði nokkrum árum fyrr. Hann og vinir hans ákveða að nota Alex sem vopn gegn politískum andstæðingum sínum. Þau loka hann inni og vonast til að hann fremji sjálfsmorð, sem Alex reynir líka með því að hoppa út um glugga. Hann lifir það þó af.

Í síðasta þætti bókarinnar er tilrauninni snúið við, og Alex verður aftur ofbeldishneigður og stofnar klíku. Hann stundar ofbeldi, en eftir að hann hittir Pete, gamlan klíkuvin sinn, sem er vaxinn upp úr brotaferli sínum, hugsar hann til þess möguleika að til sé annarskonar líf. Bókin endar svo á því að Alex lætur sig dreyma um maka og að eignast afkvæmi. Jafnvel þó hann geri sér grein fyrir að næsta kynslóð verði einnig ofbeldishneigð. Margt er þó tvíbent í sögunni og erfitt að átta sig á hverjar raunverulegar hneigðir sögumanns eru í lokin.

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