Universiade Musim Panas 1985

Universiade Musim Panas XIII
第13回 夏季ユニバーシアード
Jumlah peserta106
Jumlah atlet2,783
Even11 cabang olahraga
Upacara pembukaan24 Agustus
Upacara pembukaan4 September
Secara resmi
dibuka oleh		Putra Mahkota Akihito
StadionStadion Memorial Universiade Kobe
Stadion Memorial Universiade Kobe

Universiade Musim Panas 1985, juga dikenal sebagai Universiade Musim Panas XIII. Universiade Musim Panas 1985 berlangsung di Kobe, Jepang.

Maskot

Maskot Universiade Kobe, "Unitan", dirancang oleh Osamu Tezuka, adalah burung bangau jambul merah putih, simbol Jepang dan pertanda baik. Nama itu dipilih dari sekitar 8.000 saran yang diterima dari seluruh negeri. Nama tersebut berasal dari gabungan 'uni' dari 'Universiade' dan 'tan' dari nama Jepang untuk bangau jambul merah, yaitu 'tancho-tsuru'.

Tes jenis kelamin

Tes seks kromatin digunakan pada Universiade ini untuk menentukan jenis kelamin peserta; Pelari gawang Spanyol Maria José Martínez-Patiño dinyatakan sebagai pria dan dengan demikian dinyatakan tidak memenuhi syarat untuk acara wanita.[1][2][3] Sesuai dengan pejabat yang menyarankan dia memalsukan cedera sehingga dia bisa mundur tanpa publisitas, dia menurut. Dia kemudian berjuang, dengan sukses, untuk membalikkan diagnosis itu.[4]

Cabang olahraga

Klasemen medali

PeringkatNegaraEmasPerakPerungguTotal
1 Uni Soviet (URS)40211879
2 Amerika Serikat (USA)25212369
3 Kuba (CUB)88521
4 Tiongkok (CHN)67619
5 Rumania (ROM)510621
6 Jepang (JPN)*53715
7 Italia (ITA)46515
8 Bulgaria (BUL)45514
9 Korea Utara (PRK)43310
10 Belanda (NED)3148
11 Polandia (POL)3126
12 Korea Selatan (KOR)3036
13 Jerman Barat (FRG)24915
14 Australia (AUS)2428
15 Nigeria (NGR)2125
16 Hungaria (HUN)1438
17 Britania Raya (GBR)1236
18 Brasil (BRA)1225
19 Cekoslowakia (TCH)1012
 Jamaika (JAM)1012
21 Kanada (CAN)06511
22 Prancis (FRA)0437
23 Yugoslavia (YUG)0123
24 Selandia Baru (NZL)0101
 Meksiko (MEX)0101
 Uruguay (URU)0101
 Portugal (POR)0101
28 Puerto Riko (PUR)0011
 Maroko (MAR)0011
 Pantai Gading (CIV)0011
Total (30 negara)121118123362

Referensi

  1. ^ Ruth Padawer (28 Juni 2016). "Praktik Memalukan Tes Seks dari Atlet Wanita". The New York Times. 
  2. ^ Ljungqvist, A. (2008-04-15). "Gender Verification". Dalam Barbara L. Drinkwater. Ensiklopedia Kedokteran Olahraga: Publikasi Komisi Medis IOC, Wanita dalam Olahraga. John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 183–93. ISBN 9780470756850. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2015. 
  3. ^ Schultz, Jaime (2014). Waktu Kualifikasi: Poin Perubahan dalam Olahraga Wanita AS. U of Illinois P. hlm. 111–12. ISBN 9780252095962. 
  4. ^ Cole, Cheryl L. (2000). "One Chromosome Too Many?". Dalam Kay Schaffer. Olimpiade di Milenium: Kekuasaan, Politik, dan Permainan. Sidonie Smith. Rutgers UP. hlm. 128–46. ISBN 9780813528205. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2015. 

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