Reformasi pada akhir Dinasti Qing

Reformasi pada akhir Dinasti Qing
TipeGerakan reformasi sistem politik dan ekonomi
Periode1901-1911
HasilGagal total
Judul lain dalam bahasa Mandarin清末新政 (Politik baru akhir Qing)
Judul lain dalam bahasa InggrisKebijakan Baru Cixi
Kebijakan Baru Guangxu
Kebijakan Baru Gengzi
Kebijakan baru pada akhir Dinasti Qing
Kesepakatan Baru pada akhir Dinasti Qing

Reformasi pada akhir Dinasti Qing (Hanzi: 晚清改革[1]; Pinyin: Wǎnqīng gǎigé), umumnya disebut Kebijakan Baru pada akhir dinasti Qing[2] (Hanzi: 清末新政; Pinyin: Qīngmò xīnzhèng), atau "Kesepakatan Baru pada akhir Dinasti Qing",[3] yang dimaksud dengan Kebijakan Baru adalah serangkaian reformasi budaya, ekonomi, pendidikan, militer dan politik yang dilaksanakan pada dekade terakhir Dinasti Qing guna menjaga dinasti agar tetap berkuasa setelah invasi negara-negara besar yaitu Aliansi Delapan Negara yang bersekutu dengan sepuluh provinsi yang termasuk dalam Pakta Pertahanan Bersama Provinsi Tenggara ketika terjadi Pemberontakan Boxer.

Reformasi ini dimulai tahun 1901, karena mendapat dukungan dari Ibu Suri Cixi, maka sering disebut juga "Kebijakan Baru Cixi".[4]

Referensi

Kutipan

  1. ^ "History of Modern East Asia". National Taiwan University. Diakses tanggal 28 March 2021. 
  2. ^ Yih-Jye Hwang (2015-01-23). "The births of International Studies in China". Review of International Studies. 
  3. ^ Eva Huang; John Benson; Ying Zhu (17 March 2016). Teacher Management in China: The Transformation of Educational Systems. Routledge. hlm. 32–. ISBN 978-1-317-43514-3. 
  4. ^ China Review International. University of Hawaiʻi, Center for Chinese Studies and University of Hawaii Press. 2003. 

Sumber

  • MacKinnon, Stephen R. (1980). Power and Politics in Late Imperial China: Yuan Shi-kai in Beijing and Tianjin, 1901–1908. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-04025-0. 
  • Reynolds, Douglas (1993). China, 1898–1912: The Xinzheng Revolution and Japan. Cambridge, MA: Council on East Asian Studies Harvard University: Distributed by Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-11660-3. 
  • Esherick, Joseph (2013). China: How the Empire Fell. New York, NY: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-83101-7. 
  • Shan, Patrick Fuliang (2018). Yuan Shikai: A Reappraisal. The University of British Columbia Press. ISBN 9780774837781.


Artikel bertopik Tiongkok ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Read other articles:

Cloniophorus edentulus

Cloniophorus edentulus Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Arthropoda Kelas: Insecta Ordo: Coleoptera Famili: Cerambycidae Genus: Cloniophorus Spesies: Cloniophorus edentulus Cloniophorus edentulus adalah spesies kumbang tanduk panjang yang tergolong famili Cerambycidae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari genus Cloniophorus, ordo Coleoptera, kelas Insecta, filum Arthropoda, dan kingdom Animalia. Larva kumbang ini biasanya mengebor ke dalam kayu dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pa...

 

 

Andrea Petkovic

Andrea PetkovicPetkovic, 2019NamaАндреа ПетковићKebangsaan JermanTempat tinggalDarmstadt, JermanLahir09 September 1987 (umur 36)Tuzla, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR YugoslaviaTinggi180 m (590 ft 7 in)Memulai pro2006Pensiun2022Tipe pemainRight-handed (two-handed backhand)Total hadiahUS$8,829,248TunggalRekor (M–K)518–366 (58.6%)Gelar7Peringkat tertinggiNo. 9 (10 Oktober 2011)Hasil terbaik di Grand Slam (tunggal)Australia TerbukaQF (2011)Prancis T...

 

 

العلاقات الأوزبكستانية الغواتيمالية

العلاقات الأوزبكستانية الغواتيمالية أوزبكستان غواتيمالا   أوزبكستان   غواتيمالا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الأوزبكستانية الغواتيمالية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين أوزبكستان وغواتيمالا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة �...

Charlestown, Indiana

City in Indiana, United StatesCharlestown, IndianaCityCity of CharlestownLocation of Charlestown in Clark County, Indiana.Coordinates: 38°25′25″N 85°38′52″W / 38.42361°N 85.64778°W / 38.42361; -85.64778CountryUnited StatesStateIndianaCountyClarkTownshipCharlestownGovernment • MayorTreva Hodges (D) 2020–presentArea[1] • Total11.49 sq mi (29.75 km2) • Land11.45 sq mi (29.65 km2) ...

 

 

Edwy Plenel

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Plenel. Edwy PlenelEdwy Plenel (à Mediapart en 2022).FonctionsDirecteur de la publicationMediapart16 mars 2008 - 27 février 2024Carine FouteauDirecteur de la rédactionLe Monde1996 - novembre 2004Noël Bergeroux (d)Gérard Courtois (d)BiographieNaissance 31 août 1952 (71 ans)NantesNom de naissance Hervé Edwy PlenelPseudonyme Joseph KrasnyNationalité françaiseFormation Institut d'études politiques de ParisUniversité d'AlgerActivité JournalisteR�...

 

 

Mervat Seif el-Din

Egyptian classical archaeologist Mervat Seif el-Dinميرفت سيف الدينBorn1954AlexandriaCitizenshipEgyptOccupation(s)Classical archaeologist; museum directorAcademic backgroundEducationAlexandria UniversityAlma materUniversity of TrierThesis (1985)Doctoral advisorGünter GrimmAcademic workDisciplineArchaeologySub-disciplineClassical archaeologyInstitutionsGraeco-Roman Museum Mervat Seif el-Din, Arabic: ميرفت سيف الدين (born 1954) is a classical archaeologist from Eg...

Cuticule (poil)

Pour les articles homonymes, voir cuticule. Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources (novembre 2020). Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les références utiles à sa vérifiabilité et en les liant à la section « Notes et références ». En pratique&...

 

 

Jefferson Pérez

Ecuadorian race walker In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Pérez and the second or maternal family name is Quezada. Jefferson PérezPérez in action in 2008Personal informationFull nameJefferson Leonardo Pérez QuezadaNicknameJeffiBorn (1974-07-01) 1 July 1974 (age 49)Cuenca, Azuay, EcuadorAlma materUniversity of AzuayHeight1.67 m (5 ft 6 in)Weight60 kg (132 lb)SportCountry EcuadorSportAthleticsEventRacewalkingRetired21 ...

 

 

Get M4rried

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Get Married (disambiguasi). Get M4rriedPoster filmSutradaraMonty TiwaProduserChand Parwez ServiaFiaz ServiaDitulis olehCassandra MassardiPemeranNirina ZubirTatjana SaphiraNino FernandezAmingRinggo Agus RahmanAlfie AlfandyDeddy Mahendra DestaIra WibowoJaja MihardjaMeriam BellinaRicky HarunMath Wang KieNaratorArie DagienkzPenata musikSlankSinematograferRollie MarkianoPenyuntingRyan PurwokoOliver SitompulCesa David LuckmansyahPerusahaanproduksiStarvisionTanggal r...

Robert Sheaffer

American writer, and UFO skeptic (born 1949) Robert SheafferSheaffer at home in January 2012Born1949 (age 74–75)Chicago, Illinois, U.S.OccupationFreelance writer, skeptic, author, investigatorNationalityAmericanAlma materNorthwestern UniversityNotable worksUFO Sightings: The Evidence; Psychic Vibrations: Skeptical Giggles from the Skeptical InquirerWebsitedebunker.com Robert Sheaffer (born 1949) is an American freelance writer and UFO skeptic. He is a paranormal investigator o...

 

 

コルク

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2017年4月） コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク（木栓、�...

 

 

Cheradi Islands

Group of islands in the Ionian Sea off the coast of Taranto, Italy Map of Cheradi Islands The Cheradi Islands (Italian: Isole Cheradi) in the Gulf of Taranto are a small archipelago of the harbor basin of the Mar Grande of Taranto.[1] The island group consists of the two islands of San Pietro and San Paolo. Previously, there was still a third island, San Nicolicchio, but was destroyed through the expansion of the cargo port. Administratively, the islands belong to the old town of Tara...

John Stuart, Lord Mount Stuart

British politician (1767–1794) The Right HonorableLord Mount StartJohn Stuart (study for full-length portrait by Thomas Lawrence)Member of Parliamentfor CardiffIn office1790–1794Preceded byHerbert MackworthSucceeded byLord Evelyn Stuart Personal detailsBorn(1767-09-25)25 September 1767Grosvenor Square, LondonDied22 January 1794(1794-01-22) (aged 26)Bassingbourn Hall, Stansted, EssexSpouseElizabeth Penelope McDouall-CrichtonChildrenJohn Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of ButeLord Patric...

 

 

Black (South Korean TV series)

2017 South Korean TV series BlackPromotional posterHangul블랙 GenreRomanceFantasyThrillerComedyCreated byStudio DragonWritten byChoi RanDirected byKim Hong-sunStarringSong Seung-heonGo AraLee ElKim Dong-junComposerNam Hye-seungCountry of originSouth KoreaOriginal languageKoreanNo. of episodes18ProductionExecutive producersKim Jong-sikSong Jae-joonProducersKim Ryun-heeKim Jong-sikSong Jae-junProduction companyiWill MediaOriginal releaseNetworkOCNReleaseOctober 14 (2017-10-14) –De...

 

 

Distrik Kottayam

Distrik KottayamDistrik Dari atas, searah jarum jam:Danau Vembanad di Kumarakom, kebun teratai di desa wisata Malarikkal, markas perkumpulan Masyarakat Pelayanan Nair, kampus Institut Teknologi Informasi India, Kottayam, Masjid Juma Thazhathangady, dan dermaga perahu di Vaikom.Koordinat: 9°35′42″N 76°31′52″E / 9.595°N 76.531°E / 9.595; 76.531Koordinat: 9°35′42″N 76°31′52″E / 9.595°N 76.531°E / 9.595; 76.531Negara Ind...

Independent politician

Individual not affiliated to any political party For other uses, see Independence Party (disambiguation), Independent Group (disambiguation), and Independent Party (disambiguation). An independent, non-partisan politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any ...

 

 

1769 in India

List of events ← 1768 1767 1766 1769 in India → 1770 1771 1772 Centuries: 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th Decades: 1740s 1750s 1760s 1770s 1780s See also:List of years in IndiaTimeline of Indian history Events in the year 1769 in India. Events National income - ₹9,897 million 1st Mysore War, 1767–69.[1] References ^ Everyman's Dictionary of Dates; 6th ed. J. M. Dent, 1971; p. 261 vteYears in India (1500–present)Pre-British period 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 150...

 

 

Shaker Heights, Ohio

City in Ohio, United StatesShaker Heights, OhioCityShaker Village Historic DistrictLocation in Cuyahoga County and the state of Ohio.Coordinates: 41°28′35″N 81°33′6″W / 41.47639°N 81.55167°W / 41.47639; -81.55167CountryUnited StatesStateOhioCountyCuyahogaEstablished1911Incorporated1912Government • MayorDavid Weiss (D)Area[1] • Total6.33 sq mi (16.40 km2) • Land6.29 sq mi (16.29 km2)&...

Injustice 2

2017 video game 2017 video gameInjustice 2Cover artwork featuring SupermanDeveloper(s)NetherRealm Studios[a]Publisher(s)Warner Bros. Interactive EntertainmentDirector(s)Ed BoonProducer(s)Andrew SteinDesigner(s)John EdwardsArtist(s)Steve BeranWriter(s)Dominic CiancioloShawn KittelsenComposer(s)Christopher Drake[b]SeriesInjusticeEngineUnreal Engine 3Unreal Engine 4 (mobile)Platform(s)AndroidiOSPlayStation 4Xbox OneWindowsRelease May 9, 2017 iOSWW: May 9, 2017AndroidWW: May 11, 2...

 

 

Brandon Schuster

Samoan swimmer Brandon SchusterPersonal informationNationality SamoaBorn (1998-04-23) 23 April 1998 (age 26)Suva, FijiHeight188 cm (6 ft 2 in)Weight75 kg (165 lb)SportSportSwimmingEvent(s)Freestyle, Backstroke, Individual MedleyClubTanifa O Le Vai Swim Club Medal record Men's swimming Representing  Samoa Pacific Games 2019 Apia 200 m backstroke 2019 Apia 400 m medley 2015 Port Moresby 400 m medley 2019 Apia 200 m medley 2015 Port Mor...