Pelepasan Agung

Pangeran Siddhārtha meninggalkan istana dengan menunggang kuda selama Pelepasan Keduniawian Agung. Para dewa menopang kuku kuda. Sekitar abad ke-2, India

Pelepasan Agung^[1] atau Kepergian Agung (Sanskerta: mahābhiniṣkramaṇa; Pali: mahābhinikkhamana) ^[2]^[3] adalah istilah tradisional untuk kepergian Pangeran Siddhattha (ca 563–ca 483 SM) dari istananya di Kapilavastu untuk menjalani kehidupan sebagai seorang pertapa (Sanskerta: śrāmaṇa, Pali: sāmaṇa). Peristiwa ini disebut Pelepasan Agung karena dianggap sebagai suatu pengorbanan besar. Sebagian besar catatan tentang peristiwa ini dapat ditemukan dalam teks-teks Buddhis pascakanonik dari beberapa tradisi Buddhis, yang merupakan yang paling lengkap. Akan tetapi, teks-teks ini lebih bersifat mitologis daripada teks-teks awal. Teks-teks ini terdapat dalam bahasa Pali, Sanskerta, dan Tionghoa.

Menurut catatan ini, pada saat kelahiran Pangeran Siddhārtha Gautama, calon Buddha, para Brahmana meramalkan bahwa dia akan menjadi guru dunia atau penguasa dunia. Untuk mencegah putranya beralih ke kehidupan religius, ayah Pangeran Siddhārtha dan raja dari klan Śākya, Śuddhodana tidak mengizinkannya melihat kematian atau penderitaan, dan mengalihkan perhatiannya dengan kemewahan. Selama masa kecilnya, Pangeran Siddhārtha sudah merasakan suatu pengalaman meditasi, yang membuatnya menyadari penderitaan (bahasa Sanskerta: duḥkha, bahasa Pali: dukkha) yang melekat pada semua kehidupan. Dia tumbuh dan memiliki masa muda yang nyaman. Namun, dia terus merenungkan pertanyaan-pertanyaan keagamaan, dan ketika berusia 29 tahun, dia melihat untuk pertama kalinya dalam hidupnya apa yang dikenal dalam Buddhisme sebagai empat penglihatan: seorang lelaki tua, seorang yang sakit, dan sesosok mayat, serta seorang pertapa yang menginspirasinya.

Lihat pula

Catatan

Kutipan

^ "Riwayat Hidup Buddha Gotama – Bab II – Pelepasan Agung". Samaggi Phala. Diakses tanggal 15 Desember 2024.
^ "The Great Departure or Mahābhiniṣkramaṇa". 24 October 2022.
^ Sattar, Noor (May 2022). "Feminine Participation in the Donors World: A Glimpse from the Inscribed Records of the Pāla - Sena Period". The Maha Bodhi The International Buddhist Journal.

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Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Great Departure.

Life of the Buddha as depicted in ancient reliefs, by the British Museum

Sang Buddha (Buddha Gotama)

Topik Buddhisme

Sejarah
Penyebaran

Buddhisme awal	Prasektarian Aliran awal Mahāsāṁghika Sthaviravāda Kitab awal Nikāya Āgama
Benua	Asia Tenggara Asia Timur Asia Tengah Timur Tengah Dunia Barat Australia Oseania Amerika Eropa Afrika
Populasi signifikan	Tiongkok Thailand Jepang Myanmar Sri Lanka Vietnam Kamboja Korea Taiwan India Malaysia Laos Indonesia Amerika Serikat Singapura

Aliran
Tradisi

Konsensus pemersatu

Aliran arus utama	Theravāda Mahāyāna Vajrayāna
Sinkretis	Buddhayana Tridharma Aliran Maitreya Yīguàndào Mílèdàdào Dhammakāya Siwa-Buddha

Theravāda	Tripitaka Pali Komentar Subkomentar Sastra Pali Paritta
Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna	Tripitaka Tionghoa Tripitaka Taishō Tripitaka Tibet Kangyur Tengyur Dhāraṇī
Kitab daring	SuttaCentral Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana Tipiṭaka dhammatalks.org 84000 NTI Reader - Taishō

Buddha saat ini dan keluarga	Gotama Mukjizat Klan Keluarga Śuddhodana Māyā Pajāpatī Gotamī Yasodharā Rāhula
4 tempat suci utama	Lumbinī Buddhagayā Isipatana Kusinārā
Buddha penting sebelumnya	Dīpaṅkara Vipassī Sikhī Vessabhū Kakusandha Koṇāgamana Kassapa
Buddha selanjutnya	Metteyya
Bawahan	Dewa Brahma
Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna	Buddha terkenal: Lima Buddha Kebijaksanaan Amitābha Vairocana Akṣobhya Ratnasaṁbhava Amoghasiddhi Padmasaṁbhava Bhaiṣajyaguru Bodhisatwa terkenal: Daftar Bodhisatwa Mañjuśrī Kṣitigarbha Avalokiteśvara Samantabhadra Vajrapāṇi

Dhamma
Ajaran

Sāriputta Moggallāna 10 murid utama Buddha Gotama Vinaya Pabbajjā Upasampadā
Jenis penganut	Sāvaka Upasaka-upasika Kappiya Aṭṭhasīlanī Sayalay Samanera-samaneri Biksu Biksuni Kalyāṇamitta
4 tingkat kemuliaan	Sotapana Sakadagami Anagami Arahat
Tempat ibadah	Wihara Wat Kyaung Sima Kuti Cetiya Stupa Pagoda Candi

Hari raya
Peringatan

Budaya
Masyarakat