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Kolaborasi (dari bahasa Latin com- "dengan" + laborare "bekerja", "berusaha") atau karya sama adalah proses dua atau tiga orang, entitas, atau organisasi bekerja sama untuk menyelesaikan tugas atau mencapai tujuan.^[1] Kolaborasi mirip dengan kerja sama. Sebagian besar kolaborasi memerlukan kepemimpinan,^[meragukan] meskipun kepemimpinan dapat bersifat sosial dalam kelompok terpencar dan egaliter.^[2] Tim yang bekerja secara kolaborasi sering kali mengakses sumber daya, pengakuan, dan imbalan yang lebih besar saat menghadapi persaingan untuk sumber daya yang terhingga.^[3]

Metode kolaborasi terstruktur mendorong wawas diri perilaku dan komunikasi.^[2] Metode demikian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan tim saat terlibat dalam pemecahan masalah bersifat kolaborasi. Dalam pengertian terapan, "(a) kolaborasi adalah hubungan yang bertujuan agar semua pihak secara strategis memilih untuk bekerja sama untuk mencapai hasil bersama."^[4]

Rujukan

^ Marinez-Moyano, I. J. Exploring the Dynamics of Collaboration in Interorganizational Settings, Ch. 4, p. 83, in Schuman (Editor). Jossey-bass, 2006. ISBN 0-7879-8116-8.
^ ^a ^b Spence, Muneera U. "Graphic Design: Collaborative Processes = Understanding Self and Others." (lecture) Art 325: Collaborative Processes. Fairbanks Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. 13 April 2006. See also Diarsipkan 2008-04-10 di Wayback Machine..
^ Caroline S. Wagner and Loet Leydesdorff. Globalisation in the network of science in 2005: The diffusion of international collaboration and the formation of a core group Diarsipkan 2007-08-25 di Wayback Machine..
^ Rubin, Hank (2009). Collaborative leadership : developing effective partnerships for communities and schools (edisi ke-2nd). Thousand Oaks, Calif. ISBN 978-1299395657. OCLC 842851754.

Bacaan lanjut

Daugherty, Patricia J, R. Glenn Richey, Anthony S. Roath, Soonhong Min, Haozhe Chen, Aaron D. Arndt, Stefan E. Genchev (2006), "Is Collaboration Paying Off For Firms?" Business Horizons, Vol. 49, pp. 61–70.
Lewin, Bruce. "The Tension in Collaboration".
London, Scott. "Collaboration and Community"
Marcum, James W. After the Information Age: A Dynamic Learning Manifesto. Vol. 231. Counterpoints: Studies in the Postmodern Theory of Education. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 2006.
Richey, R. Glenn; Roath, Anthony S.; Whipple, Judith S.; Fawcett, Stan (2010). "Exploring Governance Theory of Supply Chain Integration: Barriers and Facilitators to Integration". Journal of Business Logistics. 31 (1): 237–256. doi:10.1002/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00137.x.
Rosen, Evan.The Bounty Effect: 7 Steps to The Culture of Collaboration
Rosen, Evan.The Culture of Collaboration: Maximizing Time, Talent and Tools to Create Value in the Global Economy
Schneider, Florian: Collaboration: Some Thoughts Concerning New Ways of Learning and Working Together., in: Academy, edited by Angelika Nollert and Irit Rogoff, 280 pages, Revolver Verlag, ISBN 3-86588-303-6.
Min, Soonhong; Roath, Anthony S.; Daugherty, Patricia J.; Genchev, Stefan E.; Chen, Haozhe; Arndt, Aaron D.; Richey, R. Glenn (2005). "Supply Chain Collaboration: What's Really Happening". International Journal of Logistic Management. 16 (2): 237–256. doi:10.1108/09574090510634539.
The Power of Collectives, IT NEXT, Jatinder Singh
Spence, Muneera U. "Graphic Design Collaborative Processes: a Course in Collaboration." Oregon State University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: AIGA, 2005.
Toivonen, Tuukka (2013) "The Emergence of the Social Innovation Community: Towards Collaborative Changemaking?" University of Oxford. Available on SSRN. (See section on "Cultures of Changemaking and the Collaborative Logic")
Nets for students
Nets for teachers
Echavarria, Martin (2015). Enabling Collaboration – Achieving Success Through Strategic Alliances and Partnerships. LID Publishing Inc. ISBN 9780986079337.