Veronika (növénynemzetség)

Veronika
Veronica allionii
Rendszertani besorolás
Ország: Növények (Plantae)
Törzs: Zárvatermők (Magnoliophyta)
Csoport: Valódi kétszikűek (Eudicots)
Csoport: Core eudicots
Csoport: Superasteridae
Csoport: Asteridae
Csoport: Euasterids I
Rend: Ajakosvirágúak (Lamiales)
Család: Útifűfélék (Plantaginaceae)
Nemzetség-
csoport
:
Veroniceae
Nemzetség: Veronika (Veronica)
L.
Fajok

szövegben

Elterjedés
Hivatkozások
Wikifajok
Wikifajok

A Wikifajok tartalmaz Veronika témájú rendszertani információt.

Commons
Commons

A Wikimédia Commons tartalmaz Veronika témájú médiaállományokat és Veronika témájú kategóriát.

A veronika (Veronica) az ajakosvirágúak (Lamiales) rendjén belül, az útifűfélék (Plantaginaceae) családjának egyik nemzetsége mintegy 250 fajjal, amelyek közül a legismertebb az orvosi veronika (Veronica officinalis). Három korábbi nemzetség (Veronica + Pseudolysimachion + Veronicastrum) összevonásával alakult ki. Korábban a tátogatófélék (Scrophulariaceae) családjába sorolták.

Származása, elterjedése

A fajok többsége holarktikus; csak néhány él a déli mérsékelt égövben, illetve a trópusok hegyvidékein. Magyarországon mintegy 32 veronikafaj honos, és sok a keverékfaj él, amelyek közül több könnyen összetéveszthető az orvosi veronikával.

Megjelenése, felépítése

Valamennyi faj lágy szárú; köztük egyévesek és évelők is akadnak. Levelei lehetnek nyelesek vagy nyél nélküliek, a szélük lehet ép vagy fogazott. Alakjuk változatos; többnyire keresztben átellenesen állnak.

5–15 mm-es virágai kékek, rózsaszínűek vagy fehérek; egyesével vagy fürtszerű virágzatban nyílnak a hajtások csúcsán vagy a levelek hónaljában. A virág 4-5 csészelevele összeforrt; az enyhén zigomorf párta csőre rövid. Az ugyancsak 4-5 kiterülő sziromlevél töve összenőtt. A virágokban két-két porzószálat találunk.

Életmódja, termőhelye

Az egyes fajok a legkülönbözőbb ökológiai fülkéket lakták be; mocsáriak és kimondottan szárazságtűrők egyaránt akadnak közöttük.

Rendszertani felosztása

Fajok, alfajok:

Források

  • Magyar nagylexikon XVIII. (Unh–Z). Főszerk. Bárány Lászlóné. Budapest: Magyar Nagylexikon. 2003. 372–373. o. ISBN 963-9257-19-2  
  • Természettudományi lexikon VI. (Sz–Z). Főszerk. Erdey-Grúz Tibor. Budapest: Akadémiai. 1968. 720. o.

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