Álkérészek

Álkérészek
Pteronarcyidae egy faja
Rendszertani besorolás
Ország: Állatok (Animalia)
Törzs: Ízeltlábúak (Arthropoda)
Altörzs: Hatlábúak (Hexapoda)
Osztály: Rovarok (Insecta)
Alosztály: Szárnyas rovarok (Pterygota)
Alosztályág: Újszárnyúak (Neoptera)
Öregrend: Polyneoptera
Rend: Álkérészek (Plecoptera)
Burmeister, 1839
Alrendek
Hivatkozások
Wikifajok
Wikifajok

A Wikifajok tartalmaz Álkérészek témájú rendszertani információt.

Commons
Commons

A Wikimédia Commons tartalmaz Álkérészek témájú kategóriát.

Az álkérészek (Plecoptera) a rovarok osztályában az újszárnyúak (Neoptera) alosztályágának egyik rendje.

Egyes rendszertanok az Antarctoperlaria és az Arctoperlaria alrendbe sorolják őket.

Megjelenésük, felépítésük

Többnyire drapp, szürkésbarna vagy sárgás színű rovarok.

Lárváik teste általában lapított, két hosszú faroknyúlvánnyal és csáppal.

Életmódjuk, élőhelyük

Lárváik a kérészek lárváihoz hasonlóan úgynevezett másodlagos lárvák, amelyek vízben élnek. Ennek megfelelően a lárvának – bár alkata és életmódja hasonlít a kifejlett példányéhoz, amellyel testszelvényeinek száma is egyezik – még nincs szárnya, viszont van kopoltyúja és néhány egyéb ideiglenes, úgynevezett lárvaszerve. Ebből az alakból átváltozással (tökéletlen átalakulással, hemimetamorfózissal), tehát fokozatosan, több vedléssel, de bábozódás és szelvényszaporító átalakulás nélkül fejlődik ki az imágó.[1]

Az imágók is ritkán távolodnak el a víz közeléből. Egyes fajok lárvái növényevők, mások ragadozók. Többségük erős lábaival kapaszkodik a kövekbe és a növényekbe, de egyes fajok lárvái iszaplakók. Utolsó vedlésük előtt kimásznak a vízből, és valamilyen kövön vagy ágdarabon pihennek meg: a lárva hátbőre felreped, és az üres bőrt hátrahagyva kibújik belőle az imágó.

Az imágó élete rövid, és ezalatt nem vagy csak alig táplálkozik.

Rendszerezés

A rendbe az alábbi alrendek és családok tartoznak:

Jegyzetek

  1. ↑ Ulrich Sedlag, 1979: A csodálatos rovarvilág. Mezőgazdasági Könyvkiadó, 1982. ISBN 963 231 370 4, p. 182.

Források

  • Michael Chinery, Gordon Riley: Ízeltlábúak. Gondolat Kiadó, Fürkész könyvek. Budapest, 1991. ISSN 0237-4935 ISBN 963-282-451-2

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