פואז

המונח "פויז" מפנה לכאן. לערך העוסק בענף מאומנויות הקרקס המכונה בישראל "פויז", ראו פוי.

פואז (באנגלית: poise), ולפעמים (בטעות) פויז, מסומנת באות P היא יחידה למדידת צמיגות דינמית (צמיגות מוחלטת) במערכת היחידות סנטימטר–גרם–שנייה (CGS).^[1] היא קרויה על שמו של ז'אן לאונרד מארי פואייל (ראה משוואת האגן-פואזיי). סנטיפואז, מסומנת בדרך כלל cP (באנגלית: centipoise), היא הווריאציה הנפוצה ביותר של פואז וערכה 1/100 של פואז, כלומר: cP = 0.01*P.

לצמיגות דינמית יש ממדים של $\mathrm {force\times time/area}$ , כלומר $[{\mathsf {M}}^{1}{\mathsf {L}}^{-1}{\mathsf {T}}^{-1}]$ . $1~{\text{P}}=0.1~{\text{m}}^{-1}{\cdot }{\text{kg}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}^{-1}=1~{\text{cm}}^{-1}{\cdot }{\text{g}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}^{-1}=1~{\text{dyn}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}{\cdot }{\text{cm}}^{-2}$ היחידה המקבילה במערכת היחידות הבין-לאומית היא פסקל-שנייה (Pa⋅s).^[2] $1~{\text{Pa}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}=1~{\text{N}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}{\cdot }{\text{m}}^{-2}=1~{\text{m}}^{-1}{\cdot }{\text{kg}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}^{-1}=10~{\text{P}}.$ כאמור לעיתים קרובות משתמשים בפואז עם הקידומת המטרית centi- מכיוון שצמיגות המים ב-20°C (תנאים סטנדרטיים לטמפרטורה ולחץ) הוא כמעט בדיוק 1centipoise.^[3]

סנטיפואז היא מאית פואז, או מילי-פסקל-שנייה אחת (mPa⋅s) ביחידות SI (1 cP = 10 ^-3 Pa⋅s = 1 mPa⋅s).^[4]

סמל CGS עבור centipoise הוא cP. אך לעיתים נעשה שימוש גם בקיצורים cps, cp ו-cPs.

למים נוזליים יש צמיגות של 0.00890P, ב-25°C, בלחץ של 1 אטמוספירה (0.00890 P = 0.890 cP = 0.890 mPa⋅s).^[5]

הערות שוליים

^ Gooch, Jan W. (2010). Encyclopedia dictionary of polymers (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 978-1-4419-6246-1.
^ Reid, Robert C. (1987). The Properties of Gases and Liquids (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
^ Parker, Sybil P. (1988). Fluid Mechanics Source Book (1st ed.). McGraw-Hill.
^ Lide, David R. (1994). CRC Handbook of Thermophysical and Thermochemical Data (1st ed.). CRC Press.
^ "Viscosity of Liquids", in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 91st Edition, W.M. Haynes, ed., CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, Florida, 2010-2011.

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