שכר בטלה

שכר בטלה הוא מונח המתאר תשלום הניתן לאדם עבור ביטול זמנו הפרטי למען עניין ציבורי.

המונח מקובל במשפט העברי ובמשפט הפרוצדורלי של מדינת ישראל.

במשפט העברי תשלום שכר בטלה לדיינים ועדים מותנה בכך שהתשלום אינו עולה על השכר שמקבל התשלום יכול היה להשתכר בזמן שהתבטל לו. אם מתברר שהתשלום חורג מכך, עדותו או דינו בטלים מאחר שאסור לדרוש שכר על קיום מצווה[1] (ולא בגלל חשש להטיית משפט[2]). גם עבור לימוד תורה שבעל פה מותר ליטול שכר בטלה, אולם כאשר אין למלמד מקור פרנסה אחר[2], מותר לו ליטול שכר על עבודתו[3][4].

מונח דומה הוא "פועל בטל", המחייב אדם שמנע מחברו עבודה, לשלם לו משכורת של זמן בטלתו, אך בשכר נמוך המשולם עבור הימנעות מעבודה.

ראו גם

קישורים חיצוניים

הערות שוליים

  1. ^ תלמוד בבלי, מסכת בכורות, דף כ"ט, עמוד א'
  2. ^ 1 2 תוספות ד"ה מה אני בחנם, על תלמוד בבלי, מסכת בכורות, דף כ"ט, עמוד א'
  3. ^ שולחן ערוך, יורה דעה, סימן רמ"ו, סעיף ה'
  4. ^ מנחת שלמה קמא כרך ב סימן פז: ”נראה דאפילו מלמדי תורה שבעל פה, שמקבלים שכר מפני שאין להם ממה להתפרנס או משום שכר בטלה, גם כן אפשר להשוותם למורים אחרים שנוטלים שכר עבור עבודתם, כיון דשכר פיסוק טעמים [לימוד קריאה בתורה] מיהא שרי [מותר] ואין זה חשיב רק שכר בטלה.”
ערך זה הוא קצרמר בנושא חוק ומשפט. אתם מוזמנים לתרום לוויקיפדיה ולהרחיב אותו.

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