Poema sinfónico

Para a obra de Liszt, véxase Poemas sinfónicos (Liszt).

Un poema sinfónico é unha obra de orixe extra musical, de carácter poético literario, cuxa finalidade é mover sentimentos e espertar sensacións, ou describir unha escena mediante a música. Xeralmente consta dun único movemento e está escrito para orquestra, aínda que pode ser para piano ou para pequenas formacións instrumentais. O poema sinfónico é unha guía para o desenvolvemento da forma musical como tal en termos técnicos.

O termo foi aplicado por primeira vez por Franz Liszt que escribiu trece composicións deste xénero. A música descritiva foi sen dúbida o mellor camiño para transmitir obras literarias, xa fosen de carácter relixioso, épico, heroico, fantástico etc. mais será co poema sinfónico onde esta atope o seu máis forte forma de expresión.

Un poema sinfónico pode ser unha obra en si mesma, ou formar parte dun ciclo de poemas sinfónicos a modo de suite. Un exemplo disto é Má vlast (A miña patria) de Bedřich Smetana, formado por seis poemas sinfónicos.

O oposto a poema sinfónico sería a música absoluta, a cal non se basea en asociacións senón na música en si mesma.

Principais compositores

Véxase tamén

Bibliografía en inglés

  • Barnes, Harold, "Borodin, Alexander Porfir'yevich", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Bonds, Mark Evan, "Symphony: II. 19th century," The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3.
  • Brown, David, Mussorgsky: His Life and Works (Oxford e Nova York: Oxford University Press, 2002). ISBN 0-19-816587-0
  • Clapham, John, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Dvořák, Antonin", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Clapham, John, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Smetana, Bedřich", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Fallon, Daniel M. e Sabina Teller Ratner, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Saint-Saëns, Camille", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3
  • Hepokoski, James, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Sibelius, Jean", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3
  • Larue, Jan e Eugene K. Wolf, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Symphony: I. 18th century," The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3.
  • Kennedy, Michael, "Absolute Music", "Program Music" e "Symphonic Poem", The Oxford Dictionary of Music (Oxford e Nova York: Oxford University Press, 1986, 1985). ISBN 0-19-311333-3
  • Latham, Allison, ed. Allison Latham, "Symphonie Fantastique", The Oxford Companion to Music (Oxford e Nova York: Oxford University Press, 2002). ISBN 0-19-866212-2
  • Macdonald, Hugh, ed Stanley Sadie, "Symphonic Poem", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Macdonald, Hugh, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Transformation, thematic", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3
  • Maes, Francis, tr. Arnold J. Pomerans e Erica Pomerans, A History of Russian Music: From Kamarinskaya to Babi Yar (Berkeley, Os Ánxeles e Londres: University of California Press, 2002). ISBN 0-520-21815-9
  • Mueller, Rena Charin: Liszt's "Tasso" Sketchbook: Studies in Sources and Revisions, Ph. D. dissertation, Nova York University 1986.
  • Murray, Michael, French Masters of the Organ: Saint-Saëns, Franck, Widor, Vierne, Dupré, Langlais, Messiaen (Nova Haven e Londres: Yale University Press, 1998).
  • Orledge, Robert, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Koechlin, Charles", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Sadie, Stanley, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Opera: I. General", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Schonberg, Harold C., The Great Conductors (Nova York: Simon and Schuster, 1967). Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 67-19821.
  • Searle, Humphrey, ed Stanley Sadie, "Liszt, Franz", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, First Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Searle, Humphrey, ed. Alan Walker, "The Orchestral Works", Franz Liszt: The Man and His Music (Nova York: Taplinger Publishing Company, 1970). SBN 8008-2990-5
  • Shulstad, Reeves, ed. Kenneth Hamilton, "Liszt's symphonic poems and symphonies", The Cambridge Companion to Liszt (Cambridge e Nova York: Cambridge University Press, 2005). ISBN 0-521-64462-3 (paperback).
  • Spencer, Jennifer, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Lyadov, Anatol Konstantinovich", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Londres: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols. ISBN 0-333-23111-2
  • Spencer, Piers, ed. Allison Latham, "Symphonic poem [tone-poem]", The Oxford Companion to Music (Oxford e Nova York: Oxford University Press, 2002). ISBN 0-19-866212-2
  • Temperley, Nicholas, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Overture", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition (Londres: Macmillan, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3
  • Ulrich, Homer, Symphonic Music: Its Evolution since the Renaissance (Nova York: Columbia University Press, 1952).
  • Walker, Alan, Franz Liszt, Volume 2: The Weimar Years, 1848-1861 (Nova York: Alfred A Knopf, 1989). ISBN 0-394-52540-X

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